Plant Parasites of Europe

leafminers, galls and fungi

gallers on Ballota

Dichotomous table for gallers on Ballota nigra

by Hans Roskam

1a On leaves => 2

1b Shoot tips or lateral buds disfigured, leaves ± converging, discoloured, rolled upwards and inwards, also unopened and ± bud-like. Containing several white (yellow), jumping larvae. Contarinia ballotae

2a Upper leaves, including shortened petioles, swollen and succulent at base, sometimes additionally pubescent. Containing yellowish-white larvae. Unidentified gall midge

2b Leaf blades at shoot tips or in inflorescences slightly bent in at margin, ± arched and slightly curled. Brachycaudus ballotae

Last modified 26.vi.2020