gallers on Callianthemum

1a Leaves with bulging swellings on the surface of which develop ± yellowish or brown sori => 2

1b Bulges on leaves and stems, initially lead-grey translucent, later on rupturing and releasing a dusting of black spores. C. coriandrifolium: Urocystis callianthemi

2a Slightly thickened, above violet, below yellowish, brownish margined spots bearing dense aecia and spermogonia. Sori on midrib and petiole bulging. C. angustifolium, coriandrifolium: Puccinia sardonensis

2b ulges yellowish to brown-red, remaining closed for a long time, compact, often yellow- or red-margined; with dark telia. C. coriandrifolium:
Puccinia callianthemi and/or P. kochiana