Coccus hesperidum Linnaeus, 1758

brown soft scale

highly polyphagous, but not on grasses

Nerium oleander, Hungary, Budapest, Hűvösvölgy, 20.iv.2018 © László Érsek

infested leaf, underside

two females

female; the eyes are well visible

female, upturned; the feet (present) are not well recognisable, but the long antennae are

Laurus nobilis, Hungary, Mosonmagyaróvár, 29.xi.2016 © László Érsek. The scales produce large amounts of honeydew, on which sooty moulds quickly establish.

host plants

Abies concolor, nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani; Acacia acinacea, cyclops, saligna; Acer pseudoplatanus; Agave americana; Albizia; Aloe ciliaris; Anthurium; Antirrhinum; Aralia; Argyranthemum frutescens; Asparagus; Asplenium nidus; Begonia; Berberis; Broussonetia papyrifera; Buxus sempervirens; Calla; Callistemon; Camellia sinensis; Campanula; Canna indica; Carica papaya; Castanea sativa; Cedrus atlantica, deodara, libani; Cephalotaxus harringtonii; Ceratonia siliqua; Cercis siliquastrum; Chamaerops humilis; Chlorophytum comosum; Chrysanthemum indicum; Choisya ternata; Cirsium arvense; Citrus aurantium, limon, medica, paradisi, reticulata, sinensis; Clematis; Clivia; Cocos nucifera; Cotoneaster horizontalis; Crataegus monogyna; Cycas revoluta; Cydonia oblonga; Cyperus involucratus; Cytisus filipes; Dianthus barbatus, caryophylus; Dieffenbachia; Echinocactus; Elaeagnus angustigolia, x submacrophylla; Ensete ventricosa; Eriobotrya japonica; Euonymus japonicus; Euphorbia pulcherrima; Fatshedera lizei; Fatsia japonica; Ficus benjamina, carica. elastica, lyrata, microcarpa, sycomorus; Fraxinus; Gardenia; Gazania rigens; Hedera canariensis, helix; Hedychium coronarium; Hippeastrum; Ilex aquifolium; Impatiens; Ipomoea tricolor; Iresine herbstii; Iris unguiculata subsp. cretensis; Jasminum fruticans, officinale; Lagerstroemia indica; Laurus nobilis; Lavandula angustifolia; Lilium; Lonicera caprifolium; Lycium; Maclura; Magnolia grandiflora; Mahonia; Mangifera indica; Mentha; Micromeria teneriffae; Monstera deliciosa; Morus alba; Myoporum pictum; Myrtus communis; Nephrolepis exaltata; Nerium oleander; Olea europaea; Pelargonium grandiflorum; Peperomia; Persea americana; Philodendron; Phoenix dactylifera; Phlox paniculata; Phytolacca dioica; Picea orientalis; Pilea cadierei; Pinus brutia, helepensis, pinaster, pinea, sylvestris; Pistacia atlantica; Plectranthus; Primula; Prunus armeniaca, laurocerasus, persica; Punica granatum; Pyracantha coccinea; Quercus ilex; Rhamnus alaternus, lycioides subsp. oleoides; Ricinus; Robinia; Rosa; Saintpaulia ionantha; Schefflera actinophylla, elegantissima; Schinus terebinthifolia; Spartium junceum; Strelitzia reginae; Taxus baccata; Thuja plicata; Tilia; Viburnum tinus; Vinca major; Viscum album; Vitis; Washingtonia robusta; Weigela floribunda; Yucca filamentosa, gloriosa.

distribution within Europe

(PESI, 2018).

synonyms

Lecanium hesperidum.

notes

In Europe mainly a species on indoor plants and in greenhouses. But in urban situations, in particular in southern Europe often on ornamental plants.

references

Adlerz (1955a), Akkuzu, Arslangündoğdu & Selmi (2006a), Ben-Dov Y & Sánchez-García (2015a), Boertjes, Fransen & Marissen (2003a), Carnero Hernandez & Perez Guerra (1986a), Cebeci̇ & Selmi̇ (2004a), Compton, Stavrinides, Kaponas & Thomas (2020a), Gertsson (2016a), Gomez-Menor Ortega (1948a, 1957a, 1960a, 1967a), Gülmez, Çalişkan Keçe, Kaplan & Ulusoy (2022a), Hellrigl (2004a, 2006b), Houard (1909a), Jansen (2009a), Japoshvili & Karaca (2002a), Kaydan, Ülgentürk & Erkiliç (2013a), Kozár, Guignard, Bachmann ao (1994a), Kozár, Konczné Benedicty, Fetykó, ao (2013a), Kozár, Paloukis & Papadopoulos (1991a), Lagowska (1999a), Łagowska, Golan, Kot ao (2015a), Malumphy (2010a), Malumphy & Badmin (2012a), Malumphy & Kahrer (2011a), Masten Milek, Seljak, Šimala ao (2016a), Masten Milek, Šimala, Pintar & Markotić (2017a), Mazzeo, Suma & Russo (0000a), Mifsud, Falzon, Malumphy ao (2012a), Mifsud, Mazzeo, Russo & Watson (2014a), O’Connor, Gertsson & Malumphy (2013a), Pellizzari, Porcelli, Seljak & Kozár (2011a), ScaleNet, Seljak (2010a), Şi̇şman & Ülgentürk (2010a), Soria, Moreno, Viñuela & del Estal (2000a), Szita, Fetykó, Konczné Benedicty, ao (2017a), Trencheva, Trenchev, Tomov, ao (2012a), Ülgentürk (2001a), Ülgentürk & Dokuyucu (2019a), Ülgentürk, Evren, Ayhan ao (2012a), Ülgentürk, Çanakçioğlu & Kaygin (2004a), Ülgentürk, Kaydan & Şi̇şman Hocali̇ (2015a), Ülgentürk, Şahi̇n, Ayhan, ao (2012b), Ülgentürk & Toros (1999a).