Medicago sativa, Hungary, Darnózseli, 1.vii.2015 © László Érsek

Medicago sativa, Hungary, Mosonmagyaróvár, 17.viii.2019 © László Érsek

larvae in opened gall

larva, ventral view

Medicago sativa, Belgium, prov. Namur, Pondrome, 15.viii.2006 © Jean-Yves Baugnée

gall

Larvae gregarious, white when young, yellow later, two or more generations per year. Pupation in the soil.

host plants

Fabaceae, monophagous

Medicago arabica, falcata, sativa & subsp. varia.

pupa

pupa (from Solinas, 1965a)

larva

sptulaa with sternal papillae; below the anal segment, dorsal

spatula with papillae (from Möhn, 1955a)

spatula © Hans Roskam

anal segment

imago

make (from Solinas, 1965a)

female

wing

notes

In the more southern and eastern parts of Europe a serious pest on lucerne.

references

Barnes (1946b), Béguinot (2002d), Bellmann (2012a), Bruun (2015a), Buhr (1964b), Burton, Ellis & Schneider (2022a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Docters van Leeuwen (1936a), Fedotova, Nakhibasheva, Mukhtarova & Gasangadzhieva (2022a), Flügel (2016a), Grosscurt (2022b), Hansson & Shevtsova (2012a), Houard (1909a), Ilie & Marinescu (2011a), Kieffer (1896e), Lambinon, Carbonnelle & Claerebout (2015a), Lehmann & Hannover (2016a), Mirumian (2011a), Möhn (1955a), Nijveldt (1954a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Roskam (2009a), Roskam & Carbonnelle (2015a), Rübsaamen & Hedicke (1926a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1996a, 2000a, 2004a, 2007a), Simova-Tošić, Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Postolovski (2007a), Skuhravá & Skuhravý (1994a,b, 1997a,b, 1999a,b, 2005b,c, 2007a, 2009a,b, 2010a, 2021a: 163), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Buhr (2013a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dauphin & Coutin (2005a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Dončev & Dimitrova (1991a, 1992a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Hellrigl (2001a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Jørgensen (2006a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Meyer (2014a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý & Neacsu (1972a), Skuhravá, Skuhravý, Skrzypczyńska & Szadziewski (2008a), Solinas (1965a), Stănescu (2009a).