Betula pubescens, Bergen NH

same mine, detail

mine

Oviposition generally at the underside of the leaf. The mine is a slender corridor that hardly widens, even towards the end. The first third is stuffed with diffuse greenish brown frass. After a moult the frass pattern changes completely, into a very narrow, continuous black line. The mine often follows a thick vein over a long distance, but the larva is capable of crossing thick veins, even the midrib.

hostplants

Betulaceae, monophagous

Betula humilis, nana, pendula, pubescens.

phenology

Larvae observed in Britain in June and early-July, with a few strays in October (Emmet, 1983a).

BENELUX

BE recorded (Phegea, 2009).

NE recorded (Kuchlein & de Vos, 1999a; Microlepidoptera.nl, 2009).

LUX not recorded (Fauna Europaea, 2009).

distribution within Europe

Almost all Europe, except the Balkan Peninsula and the Mediterranean Islands (Fauna Europaea, 2009).

larva

Pale yellowish green, head dark; the larva lies venter-downwards in the mine. See Gustafsson & van Nieukerken (1990a) for a detailed description.

synonyms

Nepticula lapponica; N. lusatica Schütze, 1904; Stigmella vossensis (Grønlien, 1927).

references

Ahr (1966a), Anisimovas, Diškus & Stonis (2006a), Bengtsson (2008a), Borkowski (1969a), Buhr (1935a, 1964a), Černý (2001a), Csóka (2003a), Diškus & Stonis (2012a), Emmet (1971a, 1983a), van Frankenhuyzen & Houtman (1972a), Grønlien (1927a), Gustafsson (1985a), Gustafsson & van Nieukerken (1990a), Haase (1942a), Hering (1927b, 1930b, 1934b, 1957a), Huemer & Erlebach (2003a), Johansson ao (1990a), Klimesch (1950c), Kozlov, van Nieukerken, Zverev & Zvereva (2013a), Kozlov & Zvereva (2016a), Kuchlein & Donner (1993a), Kuchlein & de Vos (1999a), Kurz (2016a), Laštůvka & Laštůvka (1997a, 2014a), Lepiforum (2024), Maček (1999a), van Nieukerken (1986a, 2006a, 203a), van Nieukerken, A & Z Laštůvka (2004a, 2006a), Navickaitė, Diškus & Stonis (2011a), van Nieukerken, Zolotuhin & Mistchenko (2004a), Nowakowski (1954a), De Prins (1998a), De Prins & Steeman (2011a), Pröse (1995a), Robbins (1991a), Schütze (1931a), Skala (1939a), Skorb, Diškus & Stonis (0000a), Sønderup (1949a), Steuer (1995a), Szőcs (1977a), Yefremova & Kravchenko (2015a), Zoerner (1970a).