<\/p>\n
incl. Amygdalus, Armeniaca, Cerasus, Padus, Persica<\/em>.<\/p>\n 1a<\/strong> mine in fallen leaves: Neocoenorrhinus pauxillus<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 1b<\/strong> mine with an excision => 2<\/p>\n 1c<\/strong> tentiform mine => 3<\/p>\n 1d<\/strong> blotch without preceding corridor => 11<\/p>\n 1e<\/strong> corridor from start to end => 18<\/p>\n 1f<\/strong> corridor, widening into a blotch => 23<\/p>\n 1g<\/strong> fleck mine => 27<\/p>\n 1h<\/strong> galls, etc. => Tables for all parasites per species<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 2a<\/strong> larva with yellow-brown head; May-June: Incurvaria pectinea<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 2b<\/strong> larva with black head; July-August: Incurvaria oehlmanniella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 3a<\/strong> mine upper-surface => 4<\/p>\n 3b<\/strong> mine lower-surface => 5<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 4a<\/strong> mine silvery, epidermal, containing frass: Phyllonorycter corylifoliella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 4b<\/strong> mine greenish, practically without frass: Coptotriche gaunacella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 5a<\/strong> lower epidermis whitish, grey or brown; mine < 8 mm; older larva lives free => 6<\/p>\n 5b<\/strong> lower epidermis green or yellow-green; mine > 12 mm; pupa in the mine => 7<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 6a<\/strong> mine elongated, inflated; lower epidermis grey, opaque, with several pleats; larva grey with black feet: Parornix finitimella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 6b<\/strong> mine oval or rectangular, hardly inflated; lower epidermis whitish, transparant, not pleated; larva pale green with greenish feet: Parornix torquillella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 6c<\/strong>mine oval or rectangular, almost flat, whitish; larva not known; on Prunus mahaleb<\/em>: Parornix ampliatella<\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 7a<\/strong> on Prunus padus:<\/em> Phyllonorycter sorbi<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 7b<\/strong> on other Prunus<\/em> species => 8<\/p>\n 7c<\/strong> (Prunus<\/em> species can be exceptional hosts to the (very) rare Phyllonoryter cydoniella<\/em><\/a>, mespilella<\/em><\/a>, and messaniella<\/em><\/a>; breeding is necessary to come to a definite identification in these cases.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 8a<\/strong> pupa: cremaster clearly longer than wide (rare, certainly on this host plant): Phyllonorycter cavella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 8b<\/strong> cremaster shorter than wide => 9<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 9a<\/strong> pupa: cremaster with two pairs of spines, the inner pair not much smaller than the outer pair: Phyllonorycter sorbi<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 9b<\/strong> inner pair disticntly smaller than the outer one => 10<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 10a<\/strong> pupa: rear margin of cremaster weakly concave; sides of frontal appendage, seen from above, somewhat curved outwards; usually on Prunus spinosa<\/em>: Phyllonorycter spinicolella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 10b<\/strong> rear margin of cremaster straight to convex; sides of frontal appendage straight; generally on cultivated Prunus<\/em> species: Phyllonorycter cerasicolella<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 11a<\/strong> oviposition site (mostly the leaf tip) covered by a shining black drop of hardened secretion: Trachys minutus<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 11b<\/strong> nu such drop => 12<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 12a<\/strong> mine full depth => 13<\/p>\n 12b<\/strong> mine upper-surface => 16<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 13a<\/strong> mine < 10 mm => 14<\/p>\n 13b<\/strong> mine larger => 15<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 14a<\/strong> spring mines: Yponomeuta evonymella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 14b<\/strong> autumn mines: Scythropia crataegella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 14c<\/strong> summer mines (young Incurvaria<\/em>-mines) => 2<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 15a<\/strong> in the same or a neighbouring leaf slender corridors stuffed with reddish brown frass; mine mostly in young leaves, along the leaf margin: Lyonetia prunifoliella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 15b<\/strong> no corridors nearby; mine in older leaves, in the centre of the blade: Pseudoswammerdamia combinella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 16a<\/strong> mine ca. 5 mm, brown, often in number; frass in a thick plug: Rhamphus oxyacanthae<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 16b<\/strong> mine larger, not brown; frass different => 17<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 17a<\/strong> blotch with a dark centre; frass in concentric circles: Leucoptera malifoliella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 17b<\/strong> mine silvery, epidermal, often beginning as a narrow white line overlying a vein, becoming broader in due course: Phyllonorycter corylifoliella<\/em><\/a> (young mine)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 18a<\/strong> mine begins near a globular, shining egg shell => 19<\/p>\n 18b<\/strong> no egg shell visible => 20<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 19a<\/strong> corridor runs in a number of closed loops around the egg, ‘intestine-like’; frass green when fresh, turning grey later: Stigmella prunetorum<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 19b<\/strong> corridor in loose loops, not intestine-like; frass brown or black: Stigmella oxyacanthella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 20a<\/strong> mijn > 3 cm, very slender; frass in a narrow central line; larva chamber more than 3 times as long as wide => 21<\/p>\n 20b<\/strong> mine shorter; frass sometimes absent; larva chamber indistinct => 22<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n \n21a<\/strong> frass brown; on the same or neighbouring leaf blotches that are (almost) free of frass; rare species: Lyonetia prunifoliella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 21b<\/strong> frass black; no blotches around; common species: Lyonetia clerkella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 22a<\/strong> mine narrow, branched, without frass: Recurvaria nanella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 22b<\/strong> mine relatively broad, unbranched, containing frass: Paraswammerdamia albicapitella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 23a<\/strong> most frass is ejected from the blotch; some grains are trapped in spinning under the leaf; no egg shell visible at start of the mine: Lyonetia prunifoliella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 23b<\/strong> all frass remains in the blotch; corridor begins at a shining egg shell => 24<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 24a<\/strong> corridor part contorted; larva whitish => 25<\/p>\n 24b<\/strong> corridor not contorted; larva yellow or green => 26<\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 25a<\/strong> mine quite small; corridor very strongly contorted; on Prunus spinosa<\/em> & domestica<\/em>: Ectoedemia spinosella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 25b<\/strong> mine not exceptionally small; corridor somewhat contorted; on Prunus avium<\/em> & mahaleb<\/em>: Ectoedemia atricollis<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n 26a<\/strong> mines ends in a primary blotch; mainly on Prunus spinosa<\/em> & domestica:<\/em> Stigmella plagicolella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n 26b<\/strong> mine ends in a secondary blotch; mainly on Malus<\/em>, rarely on Prunus avium<\/em> & cerasus:<\/em> Stigmella malella<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n <\/p>\n(For a dichotomous table for galls on Prunus<\/em> by Hans Roskam click here<\/a>)<\/p>\n
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Dichotomous table for leafminers<\/h2>\n