Actaea baneberry
incl. Cimicifuga
Dichotomous table for leafminers
1a large upper-surface blotch; pupation outside the mine: Phytomyza actaeae
1b corridor, initially lower-surface, eventually upper-surface; puparium within the mine: Phytomyza kaltenbachi
1c galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species