Dichotomous table for gallers on Anethum graveolens
by Hans Roskam
1a On stems or leaves => 2
1b Centre of umbel- or partial umbel stalk swollen ± club-shaped or globular; sometimes ± spindle-shaped galls on stalks close to branching points. Containing a single orange-yellow to red larva. Lasioptera carophila
2a Malformations mainly on leaves => 3
2b Stem of young plants below the attachment of petiole swollen, barrel-shaped, also partially distorted. Complete plant stunted. Leaves ± curled and rolled. Containing a white larva. Unidentified gall midge
3a Leaves distorted or rolled inwards, ± curled => 4
3b Leaf rachis and -stalk, also stem, with, ± distinctly swollen, oblong-oval, yellowish bulges, up to about 4 mm long bearing spermogonia and brown sori of 1-celled uredinia. Puccinia nitida
4a Malformations caused by aphids => 5
4b Stem of developing plants locally stunted, sometimes distorted; leaves clustered, their tips ± nest-like converging downwards, partially curved. Infected umbels variously stunted and distorted; flowers ± disfigured. Containing a froth-covered nymph. Philaenus spumarius
4c Leaves on the underside with a white fungal down of erect conidiophores that apically bear a few short branches, each one ending in a conidium. Plasmopara anethi
5a Younger leaves variously distorted. Tips curled. Aphid black. Aphis fabae
5b Similar galls caused by green aphids with “double” cauda.
Cavariella aegopodii and/or C. pastinacae