1a mine full depth; larva with distinct head and feet; older larvae live free among spun leaves: Cnephasia sedana

1b mine upper- or lower-surface; larva, a maggot, mines all its life => 2

1c galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species

2a pupuarium in the mine, in a, generally lower-surface, pupal chamber: Chromatomyia horticola

2b pupation external => 3

3a corridor, but at random points strongly widened, blotch-like: Phytomyza astrantiae

3b corridor from start to end, with little variation in width: Phytomyza cf spondylii