organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
stem | borer | Mordellidae | Mordellistena parvuliformis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Cicadellidae | Eupteryx atropunctata | ||
unknown | unknown | Thripidae | Microcephalothrips abdominalis | ||
flower | gall | Tephritidae | Acanthiophilus helianthi | ||
flower | hidden | Thripidae | Thrips flavus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Ophraella communa | ||
leaf | hidden | Crambidae | Loxostege sticticalis | ||
stem | borer | Tephritidae | Strautzia longipennis | ||
flower | hidden | Thripidae | Thrips flavus | ||
flower | hidden | Thripidae | Frankliniella intonsa | ||
leaf | miner | younger larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia stephensiana | |
leaf | hidden | older larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia stephensiana | |
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Cnephasia incertana | ||
fruit | borer | Pyralidae | Homoeosoma nebulella | ||
leaf | scale | Aleyrodidae | Trialeurodes vaporariorum | ||
leaf | scale | Aleyrodidae | Bemisia tabaci | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Chromatomyia horticola | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Myzus persicae | |
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Aphis gossypii | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis nasturtii | |
systemic | borer | Anguinidae | Ditylenchus dipsaci | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Golovinomyces ambrosiae | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Golovinomyces orontii | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Leveillula lappae | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Leveillula picridis | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Podosphaera xanthii | ||
leaf | down | Peronosporales | Plasmopara halstedii | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Calycomyza humeralis | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Chromatomyia syngenesiae | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza eupatorii | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza strigata | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza trifolii | ||
leaf | pustule | Albuginales | Pustula helianthicola | ||
leaf | pustule | doubtful | Chytridiales | Synchytrium solstitiale | |
leaf | pustule | aecia uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Puccinia helianthi | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis fabae | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Brachycaudus helichrysi | |
stem | borer | Agromyzidae | Napomyza lateralis | ||
root | gall | Heteroderidae | Heterodera schachtii | ||
root | gall | Longidoridae | Paralongidorus maximus | ||
root | vagrant | Aphididae | Trama troglodytes | ||
root | vagrant | rarely | Aphididae | Trama rara | |
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Aulacorthum solani | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Brachycaudus cardui |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.
Last modified 12.ii.2021