organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
root | borer | Buprestidae | Sphenoptera rauca | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Acmaeoderella stricta | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Acmaeoderella gibbosula | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Acmaeoderella lanuginosa | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Meliboeus violaceus | ||
root | borer | Buprestidae | Meliboeus parvulus | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Acmaeoderella cyanipennis | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Meliboeus amethystinus | ||
leaf | vagrant | adult | Cercopidae | Cercopis sanguinolenta | |
leaf | vagrant | Tingidae | Tingis angustata | ||
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Orellia stictica | ||
leaf | borer | Tephritidae | Xyphosia miliaria | ||
flower | borer | doubtful | Tephritidae | Chaetorellia loricata | |
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Terellia fuscicornis | ||
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Terellia fuscicornis | ||
flower | gall | Tephritidae | Urophora stylata | ||
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Terellia gynaecochroma | ||
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Terellia serratulae | ||
flower | borer | doubtful | Tephritidae | Terellia luteola | |
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Terellia lappae | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Capnodiales | Ramularia cynarae | ||
unknown | borer | larva | doubtful | Apionidae | Ceratapion basicorne |
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Cassida vibex | ||
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Cassida rubiginosa | ||
leaf bud | borer | Chrysomelidae | Psylliodes chalcomera | ||
stem | borer | larva | Curculionidae | Lixus pulverulentus | |
leaf | miner | Choreutidae | Tebenna micalis | ||
flower | borer | Cosmopterigidae | Pyroderces argyrogrammos | ||
flower | borer | Pyralidae | Myelois circumvoluta | ||
fruit | borer | Pyralidae | Homoeosoma nebulella | ||
stem | borer | larva | Apionidae | Ceratapion scalptum | |
root | borer | larva | Curculionidae | Trichosirocalus horridus | |
root | borer | larva | Curculionidae | Trichosirocalus briesei | |
unknown | borer | larva | Curculionidae | Hadroplontus trimaculatus | |
flower | borer | larva | Curculionidae | Larinus cynarae | |
flower | borer | larva | Curculionidae | Larinus latus | |
stem | borer | larva | Curculionidae | Lixus cardui | |
flower | borer | larva | Curculionidae | Larinus turbinatus | |
stem | borer | larva | Apionidae | Ceratapion carduorum | |
root collar | borer | larva | Apionidae | Ceratapion gibbirostre | |
root collar | vagrant | Aphididae | Brachycaudus lateralis | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza strigata | ||
systemic | vagrant | Aphididae | Protaphis terricola | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis fabae fabae | |
stem | vagrant | Aphididae | Aphis craccivora | ||
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Chaetostomella cylindrica | ||
flower | gall | Cynipidae | Isocolus cirsii | ||
flower | gall | Microbotryales | Microbotryum onopordi | ||
flower | gall | Tephritidae | Tephritis postica | ||
flower | gall | Tephritidae | Urophora terebrans | ||
flower | gall | Tephritidae | Acanthiophilus helianthi | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Golovinomyces depressus | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Leveillula lappae | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Podosphaera xanthii | ||
leaf | down | Peronosporales | Bremia lactucae | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Phytomyza autumnalis | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Phytomyza spinaciae | ||
leaf | miner | doubtful | Anthomyiidae | Pegomya steini | |
leaf | miner | Chrysomelidae | Sphaeroderma rubidum | ||
leaf | miner | Coleophoridae | Coleophora onopordiella | ||
leaf | miner | Depressariidae | Agonopterix arenella | ||
leaf | miner | Depressariidae | Agonopterix subpropinquella | ||
leaf | pustule | uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Puccinia acanthii | |
leaf | pustule | telia | Pucciniales | Puccinia rayssiae | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis fabae | |
root collar | borer | Apionidae | Ceratapion onopordi | ||
root collar | gall | Curculionidae | Cleonis pigra | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis fabae solanella | |
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Macrosiphum euphorbiae | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Brachycaudus cardui | |
stem | vagrant | Aphididae | Uroleucon aeneum |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.
Last modified 27.ii.2021