Serratula saw-wort
(For a dichotomous table for galls on Serratula by Hans Roskam click here)
Dichotomous table for leafminers
Dichotomous table for leafminers
2a case bivalved => 3
2b case trivalved => 4
3a spathulate leaf case: Coleophora brevipalpella
3b composite leaf cae: Coleophora serratulella
4a case peppered with grains of sand: Coleophora odorariella
4b case without grains of sand: Coleophora paripennella
5a mines small, containing little or no frass; older larvae life free under a spinning or among spun leaves => 6
5b mines not that small, usually containing a fair amount of frass; larvae mine all their life => 10
6a the free living larvae under a spinning at the underside of a leaf => 7
6b the free living larvae among spun leaves => 9
7a the full grown larvae in a rolled leaf => 8
7b the leaf remains flat; the larva’s feeding causes brown or whitish windows: Agonopterix propinquella
8a full grown larva in a leaf rolled downwards: Agonopterix arenella
8b the leaf is rolled upwards to a pod: Agonopterix kuznetzovi
9a larva: pinacula colourless (but the bases of the setae themselves are black): Cnephasia incertana
9b pinacula black: Cnephasia stephensiana
10a corridor mine; larva without prolegs => 11
10b blotch mine; larva with prolegs => 15
11a corridor wide, sides irregularly scalloped; larva with thoracic feet and chitinised head => 12
11b corridor slender, sides rather straight; larva is a maggot => 13
12a larva from August till June, hibernating in the mine; a new leaf is occupied in spring: Sphaeroderma testaceum
12b larva from October till December; hibernation in the ground: Sphaeroderma rubidum
13a corridor interparenchymatous, yellow-green: Phytomyza spinaciae
13b corridor upper- or lower-surface, shallow, whitish => 14
14a pupation within the mine, in a, usually lower-surface, pupal chamber: Chromatomyia cf syngenesiae
14b pupation outside the mine: Phytomyza cirsii
15a roundish blotch in the tip of a leaf or leaf segment: Scrobipalpa brahmiella
15b mine not well known; probably an elongate blotch overlying the midrib: Scrobipalpa pauperella (occurrence on this host uncertain)
Not included in the key: Chromatomyia horticola; Scrobipalpa acuminatella.