organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
flower | gall | Tephritidae | Tephritis scorzonerae | ||
flower | gall | Tephritidae | Tephritis carmen | ||
flower | gall | Tephritidae | Tephritis pulchra | ||
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Orellia stictica | ||
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Ensina sonchi | ||
flower | hidden | Thripidae | Tenothrips frici | ||
flower | hidden | Thripidae | Thrips trehernei | ||
flower | borer | Curculionidae | Glocianus herbstii | ||
flower | borer | Curculionidae | Glocianus superstes | ||
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Cassida panzeri | ||
flower | borer | Tortricidae | Eucosma scorzonerana | ||
leaf | miner | younger larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia stephensiana | |
leaf | hidden | older larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia stephensiana | |
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Cnephasia incertana | ||
leaf | miner | Curculionidae | Orthochaetes setiger | ||
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Tephritis recurrens | ||
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Tephritis hurvitzi | ||
flower | gall | Tephritidae | Campiglossa producta | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Capnodiales | Ramularia inaequalis | ||
stem | miner | Agromyzidae | Ophiomyia heringi | ||
root | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Rectinasus buxtoni | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis fabae | |
systemic | borer | Anguinidae | Ditylenchus dipsaci | ||
fruit | gall | Cynipidae | Aulacidea abdominalis | ||
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Trupanea stellata | ||
flower | borer | Tephritidae | Orellia scorzonerae | ||
flower | gall | Microbotryales | Microbotryum scorzonerae | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Golovinomyces cichoracearum | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Golovinomyces orontii | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Leveillula picridis | ||
leaf | down | Peronosporales | Novotelnova scorzonerae | ||
leaf | gall | Cecidomyiidae | Cystiphora scorzonerae | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza scorzonerae | ||
leaf | pustule | Albuginales | Pustula obtusata | ||
leaf | pustule | aecia uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Puccinia jackyana | |
leaf | pustule | aecia uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Puccinia scorzonerae | |
stem | gall | Cynipidae | Aulacidea scorzonerae | ||
root | gall | Longidoridae | Paralongidorus maximus | ||
root | gall | Meloidogynidae | Meloidogyne hapla | ||
leaf | vagrant | doubtful | Aphididae | Brachycaudus tragopogonis | |
root | vagrant | Aphididae | Trama troglodytes | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Brachycaudus prunicola | |
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Uroleucon scorzonerae | ||
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Aphis gossypii |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.
Last modified 19.x.2020