organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
leaf | vagrant | doubtful | Cicadellidae | Empoasca dealbata | |
leaf | vagrant | Cicadellidae | Empoasca decipiens | ||
leaf | vagrant | Cicadellidae | Empoasca apicalis | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Xyleborinus saxesenii | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Xyleborus dispar | ||
leaf | vagrant | Phlaeothripidae | Liothrips austriacus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Thripidae | Thrips major | ||
leaf | vagrant | Thripidae | Thrips sambuci | ||
leaf | hidden | Thripidae | Thrips tabaci | ||
flower | hidden | doubtful | Aeolothripidae | Orothrips priesneri | |
leaf | vagrant | Tetranychidae | Tetranychus urticae | ||
fruit | borer | Kateretidae | Heterhelus scutellaris | ||
fruit | borer | Unknown code! | Kateretidae | Heterhelus solani | |
stem | vagrant | Flatidae | Metcalfa pruinosa | ||
leaf | vagrant | doubtful | Cimbicidae | Abia aenea | |
leaf | vagrant | Tenthredinidae | Macrophya alboannulata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tenthredinidae | Macrophya crassula | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tenthredinidae | Macrophya ribis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tenthredinidae | Macrophya albicincta | ||
leaf | hidden | Crambidae | Anania coronata | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Choristoneura hebenstreitella | ||
flower | hidden | Thripidae | Frankliniella intonsa | ||
leaf | vagrant | Eriophyidae | Phyllocoptes intermedius | ||
leaf | gall | Aphrophoridae | Philaenus spumarius | ||
leaf | scale | Aleyrodidae | Trialeurodes vaporariorum | ||
stem | borer | Psilidae | Chyliza leptogaster | ||
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Aphis spiraecola | ||
flower | gall | Cecidomyiidae | Contarinia sambuci | ||
flower | gall | Cecidomyiidae | Placochela nigripes | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Erysiphe sambuci | ||
leaf | down | rarely | Erysiphales | Erysiphe vanbruntiana | |
leaf | leaf spot | Capnodiales | Cercospora depazeoides | ||
leaf | gall | Eriophyidae | Callyntrotus trilobus | ||
leaf | gall | Eriophyidae | Epitrimerus trilobus | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza amoena | ||
stem | vagrant | spring generation | main | Aphididae | Aphis sambuci |
root | gall | Meloidogynidae | Meloidogyne ardenensis | ||
inquiline | doubtful | Cecidomyiidae | Trotteria ligustri | ||
inquiline | Cecidomyiidae | Arnoldiola sambuci | |||
stem | scale | Coccidae | Parthenolecanium corni |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.
Last modified 3.ii.2021