organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
root | film | Helicobasidiaceae | Helicobasidium purpureum | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Mycosphaerellaceae | Cercospora elongata | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Didymellaceae | Ascochyta dipsaci | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Mycosphaerellaceae | Septoria dipsaci | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Phyllostictaceae | Phyllosticta vandae | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Capnodiales | Ramularia silvestris | ||
stem | miner | Agromyzidae | Ophiomyia ungarensis | ||
stem | borer | Cerambycidae | Agapanthia cardui | ||
stem | borer | Cerambycidae | Agapanthia dahli | ||
stem | borer | Cerambycidae | Agapanthia osmanlis | ||
stem | borer | Cerambycidae | Agapanthia viti | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Polymixis xanthomista | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Phlogophora meticulosa | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Caradrina morpheus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Acronicta rumicis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Nymphalidae | Euphydryas desfontainii | ||
leaf | vagrant | Sphingidae | Hemaris tityus | ||
root | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Longitarsus strigicollis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Galeruca pomonae | ||
leaf | vagrant | Cimbicidae | Abia nitens | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tenthredinidae | Macrophya erythrocnema | ||
leaf | hidden | Crambidae | Anania lancealis | ||
flower | borer | Gelechiidae | Metzneria neuropterella | ||
flower | hidden | doubtful | Tortricidae | Pammene gallicana | |
leaf | miner | younger larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia stephensiana | |
leaf | hidden | older larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia stephensiana | |
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Cnephasia incertana | ||
flower | borer | Tortricidae | Endothenia gentianaeana | ||
root | borer | doubtful | Tortricidae | Endothenia oblongana | |
flower | vagrant | Tortricidae | Endothenia marginana | ||
flower | borer | Tortricidae | Cochylis roseana | ||
flower | borer | younger larva | Adelidae | Nemophora raddaella | |
leaf | vagrant | rarely | Aphididae | Macrosiphum knautiae | |
stem | vagrant | Aphididae | Aphis craccivora | ||
systemic | borer | Anguinidae | Ditylenchus dipsaci | ||
flower | down | Peronosporales | Peronospora violacea | ||
flower | vagrant | spring generation | Aphididae | Aphis confusa | |
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Erysiphe knautiae | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Podosphaera dipsacacearum | ||
leaf | down | Peronosporales | Peronospora dipsaci | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Chromatomyia ramosa | ||
leaf | miner | doubtful | Agromyzidae | Chromatomyia succisae | |
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Agromyza dipsaci | ||
leaf | pustule | Chytridiales | Synchytrium succisae | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis confusa | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis fabae | |
leaf | vagrant | Eriophyidae | Aculops orlovacae | ||
leaf | vagrant | Eriophyidae | Leipothrix dipsacivagus | ||
root | gall | Meloidogynidae | Meloidogyne hapla | ||
stem | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Macrosiphum rosae | |
flower | vagrant | spring generation | Aphididae | Aphis confusa | |
root collar | vagrant | rarely | Aphididae | Aphis thomasi | |
root | vagrant | doubtful | Aphididae | Aphis psammophila | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis fabae solanella |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot: discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.