Plant Parasites of Europe

leafminers, galls and fungi

genus Scabiosa

organ parasitic mode stage note taxonomic group parasite
flower vagrant doubtful Geometridae Eupithecia pernotata
leaf vagrant Geometridae Aspitates ochrearia
stem borer Cerambycidae Agapanthia cardui
unknown unknown doubtful Pterophoridae Agdistis satanas
unknown unknown Noctuidae Epimecia ustula
leaf hidden Pterophoridae Stenoptilia plagiodactylus
Thripidae Thrips praetermissus
stem film Peronosporaceae Phytophthora nicotianae
root film Xylariaceae Dematophora necatrix
root film Ceratocystidaceae Berkeleyomyces basicola
root film Plectosphaerellaceae Verticillium dahliae
leaf leaf spot Didymellaceae Ascochyta dipsaci
leaf miner younger larva Tortricidae Cnephasia stephensiana
leaf hidden older larva Tortricidae Cnephasia stephensiana
leaf leaf spot Mycosphaerellaceae Septoria scabiosicola
leaf leaf spot Dothideomycetes Asteromella scabiosae
leaf leaf spot Capnodiales Ramularia bosniaca
leaf vagrant rarely Cydnidae Adomerus biguttatus
leaf vagrant doubtful Lygaeidae Heterogaster artemisiae
predator Miridae Deraeocoris morio
leaf vagrant Pentatomidae Holcostethus sphacelatus
leaf vagrant Miridae Placochilus seladonicus
leaf vagrant Pentatomidae Sciocoris macrocephalus
leaf vagrant Geometridae Selidosema taeniolaria
leaf vagrant Chrysomelidae Galeruca sardoa
leaf miner doubtful Zygaenidae Jordanita notata
stem borer doubtful Noctuidae Oria musculosa
leaf miner doubtful Zygaenidae Jordanita subsolana
flower vagrant Noctuidae Omphalophana serrata
flower vagrant Noctuidae Omphalophana antirrhinii
leaf vagrant Noctuidae Ceramica pisi
stem borer Cerambycidae Agapanthia violacea
root borer Cerambycidae Vadonia bipunctata
root borer Cerambycidae Vadonia unipunctata
root borer Cerambycidae Vadonia imitatrix
stem borer Cerambycidae Agapanthiola leucaspis
leaf vagrant Noctuidae Agrochola lychnidis
leaf vagrant Erebidae Spilosoma lubricipeda
leaf vagrant Geometridae Apochima flabellaria
unknown unknown Tortricidae Fulvoclysia nerminae
leaf vagrant doubtful Geometridae Thetidia smaragdaria
leaf vagrant Erebidae Artimelia latreillei
leaf vagrant Geometridae Ematurga atomaria
flower vagrant Geometridae Eupithecia centaureata
leaf vagrant Geometridae Cleora cinctaria
flower vagrant Geometridae Eupithecia satyrata
leaf vagrant Nymphalidae Euphydryas desfontainii
leaf vagrant Nymphalidae Euphydryas aurinia
leaf vagrant Sphingidae Hemaris croatica
leaf vagrant Sphingidae Hemaris tityus
leaf hidden Tortricidae Cnephasia chrysantheana
root borer Buprestidae Meliboeus episcopalis
unknown unknown Pyralidae Epischnia prodromella
flower hidden Thripidae Thrips flavus
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus strigicollis
leaf vagrant Chrysomelidae Galeruca pomonae
leaf vagrant Tenthredinidae Tenthredo atra
leaf vagrant Cimbicidae Abia nitens
leaf vagrant Cimbicidae Abia brevicornis
unknown scale Eriococcidae Rhizococcus henryi
root scale Pseudococcidae Phenacoccus tergrigorianae
leaf hidden Tortricidae Celypha rivulana
flower borer Pterophoridae Stenoptilia aridus
leaf vagrant Tortricidae Cacoecimorpha pronubana
leaf bud borer Unknown code! doubtful Pterophoridae Gillmeria miantodactylus
leaf miner doubtful Gracillariidae Phyllonorycter cephalariae
leaf miner Gelechiidae Epidola barcinonella
leaf hidden doubtful Depressariidae Agonopterix kaekeritziana
flower borer Pyralidae Eurhodope cirrigerella
leaf hidden Tortricidae Aphelia paleana
leaf hidden Tortricidae Philedone gerningana
leaf miner younger larva Tortricidae Cnephasia asseclana
leaf hidden older larva Tortricidae Cnephasia asseclana
leaf miner summer generation Tortricidae Rhopobota stagnana
flower borer spring generation Tortricidae Rhopobota stagnana
root borer doubtful Tortricidae Endothenia oblongana
root borer Tortricidae Agapeta zoegana
leaf vagrant Tortricidae Aphelia viburniana
root borer Tortricidae Aethes hartmanniana
unknown unknown Pterophoridae Stenoptilia parnasia
flower borer Pterophoridae Stenoptilia annadactyla
flower borer Pterophoridae Stenoptilia elkefi
flower borer Pterophoridae Stenoptilia bipunctidactyla
flower borer younger larva Adelidae Nemophora metallica
flower borer Adelidae Nemophora cupriacella
flower borer Adelidae Nemophora minimella
flower borer Alucitidae Alucita huebneri
fruit vagrant doubtful Coleophoridae Coleophora frischella
leaf vagrant summer generation Aphididae Aphis fabae
leaf vagrant summer generation Aphididae Aphis fabae fabae
flower down Peronosporales Peronospora violacea
flower gall Cecidomyiidae Contarinia scabiosae
flower gall Microbotryales Microbotryum intermedium
flower vagrant spring generation Aphididae Aphis confusa
leaf bud gall Cecidomyiidae Jaapiella scabiosae
leaf bud gall Eriophyidae Aceria squalida
leaf down Erysiphales Erysiphe knautiae
leaf down Erysiphales Leveillula taurica
leaf down Erysiphales Podosphaera dipsacacearum
leaf down Peronosporales Peronospora knautiae
leaf gall Aphelenchoididae Aphelenchoides fragariae
leaf gall Triozidae Trioza munda
leaf miner Agromyzidae Aulagromyza similis
leaf miner Agromyzidae Chromatomyia ramosa
leaf miner Agromyzidae Chromatomyia scabiosae
leaf miner Agromyzidae Chromatomyia scabiosarum
leaf miner Agromyzidae Chromatomyia scabiosella
leaf miner Agromyzidae Chromatomyia succisae
leaf miner Agromyzidae Liriomyza strigata
leaf miner doubtful Buprestidae Trachys subglaber
leaf miner Buprestidae Trachys troglodytes
leaf miner Gracillariidae Phyllonorycter scabiosella
leaf miner Psychidae Apterona helicoidella
leaf miner Scythrididae Scythris siccella
leaf vagrant summer generation Aphididae Aphis confusa
stem gall Alucitidae Alucita grammodactyla
stem gall Asterolecaniidae Planchonia arabidis
root collar gall Actinomycetales Rhodococcus fascians
leaf vagrant Aphididae Ovatomyzus chamaedrys
root vagrant doubtful Aphididae Aphis psammophila
stem vagrant summer generation Aphididae Macrosiphum rosae
root collar vagrant Aphididae Aphis thomasi
stem vagrant Aphididae Macrosiphum weberi

Organ

the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasite

all buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.

PARASITIC MODE

borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signs
down: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot: discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.

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IMPORTANT

The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.

 

Last modified 12.ix.2023