1a lower-surface blotch mine, in fact a little contracted tentiform mine; older larvae live free in a folded leaf: Caloptilia azaleella

1b gallery-blotch mine on Rh. tomentosum: Lyometia ledi

1c gallery mine on Rh. tomentosum: Stigmella lediella

1d fleck mine on Rh. tomentosum: Coleophora ledi

1e galls, etc. => Tables for all parasites per species