Vaccinium cowberry, bilberry
(For a dichotomous table for galls on Vaccinium by Hans Roskam click here)Dichotomous table for leafminers
1a blotch, from which eventually a round or oval excision is cut => 2
1b fleck mine => 4
1c lower surface tentiform mine: Phyllonorycter junoniella
1d corridor or blotch (no excision) => 9
1e galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species
Dichotomous table for leafminers
1a blotch, from which eventually a round or oval excision is cut => 2
1b fleck mine => 4
1c lower surface tentiform mine: Phyllonorycter junoniella
1d corridor or blotch (no excision) => 9
1e galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species
2a excision round; egg deposited in the leaf tissue => 3
2b excision oval; egg on the leaf => 4
3a mine in the centre of the leaf; May-June: Incurvaria masculella
3b mine near the leaf margin; July-August: Incurvaria oehlmanniella
3c mountain species: Incurvaria vetulella
4a case wrapped in a mined, withered and crumpled leaf: Coleophora uliginosella
4b composite leaf case => 5
4c spathulate leaf case => 8
4d sheath case (exceptional): Coleophora pyrrhulipennella
5a case composed of a large number of narrow rings; rear end strongly curved down: Coleophora vitisella
5b case composed of 3-6 leaf fragments; rear end straight => 6
6a the larva feeds at the upper side of the leaf: Coleophora vacciniella
6b the larva feeds at the underside => 7
7a on Vaccinium vitis-daea (rarely myrtillus): Coleophora idaeella
7b on Vaccinium uliginosum: Coleophora plumbella
8a larvae still feed actively in spring: Coleophora glitzella
8b larvae are fully fed in autumn, do not feed any more after the hibernation: Coleophora murinella
9a mine begins at an egg shell; larva lives in the mine till, or just before, pupation => 10
9b no egg shell visible; older larva lives free between spun leaves => 11
10a corridor, usually forming a secondary blotch; pupation outside the mine: Stigmella myrtillella
10b a corridor, widening into a primary blotch; pupation within the mine: Fomoria weaveri
11a mine tiny; mining larvae around June and October: Rhopobota myrtillana
11b mine not unusually small; mining larvae in April, May => 12
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12a larva whitish: Rhopobota ustomaculana
12b larva yellowish brown: Argyroploce arbutella