Plant Parasites of Europe

leafminers, galls and fungi

genus Anchusa

organ parasitic mode stage note taxonomic group parasite
flower hidden Thripidae Thrips minutissimus
systemic pustule Sclerotiniaceae Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
root film Plectosphaerellaceae Verticillium dahliae
leaf leaf spot Mycosphaerellaceae Septoria anchusae
leaf leaf spot Mycosphaerellaceae Ramularia anchusae
leaf vagrant Scutelleridae Odontoscelis fuliginosa
fruit vagrant Coreidae Coreus marginatus
leaf vagrant Tingidae Dictyla rotundata
leaf vagrant Miridae Orthonotus cylindricollis
seeds vagrant Lygaeidae Graptopeltus validus
fruit vagrant Lygaeidae Aellopus atratus
leaf vagrant Pentatomidae Tarisa virescens
leaf vagrant Tingidae Dictyla triconula
flower vagrant Tingidae Dictyla nassata
flower vagrant Scutelleridae Psacasta exanthematica
leaf vagrant Miridae Adelphocoris lineolatus
leaf vagrant Miridae Chlamydatus pullus
leaf vagrant Miridae Lygus gemellatus
leaf vagrant Miridae Lygus rugulipennis
leaf vagrant Miridae Opisthotaenia fulvipes
leaf vagrant Miridae Plagiognathus bipunctatus
leaf vagrant Miridae Polymerus cognatus
leaf vagrant Miridae Polymerus vulneratus
leaf vagrant Coreidae Enoplops scapha
leaf vagrant Cydnidae Sehirus luctuosus
leaf vagrant Pentatomidae Carpocoris melanocerus
root vagrant Cydnidae Sehirus morio
leaf vagrant Cydnidae Sehirus ovatus
leaf pustule aecia Pucciniales Aecidium asperifolii
stem borer Cerambycidae Phytoecia malachitica
leaf vagrant Noctuidae Actebia praecox
flower borer Cerambycidae Opsilia coerulescens
root collar borer Cerambycidae Oxylia argentata
stem borer Cerambycidae Coptosia bithynensis
root collar borer Cerambycidae Coptosia ganglbaueri
leaf vagrant Noctuidae Diachrysia chrysitis
leaf vagrant Erebidae Euplagia quadripunctaria
leaf vagrant Erebidae Utetheisa pulchella
unknown unknown Douglasiidae Tinagma anchusella
unknown unknown doubtful Douglasiidae Klimeschia cinereipunctella
root borer Chrysomelidae Longitarsus echii
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus cerinthes
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus curtus
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus exsoletus
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus lateripunctatus
root borer larva Chrysomelidae Longitarsus anchusae
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus anatolicus
unknown unknown Curculionidae Mogulonoides radula
unknown unknown Curculionidae Mogulones aubei
root borer larva Curculionidae Mogulones crucifer
unknown borer larva Curculionidae Mogulones trisignatus
unknown unknown Curculionidae Mogulones t-album
unknown unknown Curculionidae Mogulones bernhauseri
root vagrant doubtful Chrysomelidae Longitarsus niger
flower borer Nitidulidae Boragogethes punctatissimus
flower borer Nitidulidae Boragogethes rosenhaueri
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus dimidiatus
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus weisei
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus alfieri
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus fuscoaeneus
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus aeneus
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus truncatellus
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus nasturtii
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus succineus
root collar borer Gelechiidae Ethmia aurifluella
leaf hidden Tortricidae Lobesia artemisiana
leaf hidden doubtful Gelechiidae Ethmia bipunctella
leaf hidden rarely Tortricidae Pandemis heparana
leaf miner younger larva Tortricidae Cnephasia asseclana
leaf hidden older larva Tortricidae Cnephasia asseclana
leaf vagrant Eriophyidae Shevtchenkella anchusae
root borer larva Chrysomelidae Longitarsus anchusae
stem borer larva Curculionidae Mogulones asperifoliarum
root borer larva Curculionidae Mogulones javetii
leaf vagrant summer generation Aphididae Myzus persicae
leaf miner Agromyzidae Chromatomyia horticola
root collar vagrant Aphididae Brachycaudus bicolor
leaf vagrant summer generation Aphididae Aphis fabae
flower gall Eriophyidae Anthocoptes aspidophorus
flower gall Tingidae Dictyla echii
leaf down Erysiphales Erysiphe lycopsidis
leaf down Erysiphales Golovinomyces cynoglossi complex
leaf gall Aphelenchoididae Aphelenchoides fragariae
leaf miner Agromyzidae Agromyza abiens
leaf miner Agromyzidae Agromyza myosotidis
leaf miner Coleophoridae Coleophora pennella
leaf miner Crambidae Cynaeda dentalis
leaf miner Crambidae Cynaeda gigantea
leaf miner Crambidae Epascestria pustulalis
leaf miner Gracillariidae Dialectica scalariella
leaf pustule aecia Pucciniales Puccinia recondita
leaf pustule aecia Pucciniales Puccinia symphyti-bromorum
leaf pustule aecia Pucciniales Puccinia aegilopis
leaf vagrant summer generation Aphididae Brachycaudus helichrysi
root collar gall Actinomycetales Rhodococcus fascians
root collar gall Curculionidae Pachycerus segnis
leaf vagrant Aphididae Macrosiphum euphorbiae
leaf vagrant summer generation Aphididae Brachycaudus cardui
leaf vagrant Aphididae Ovatomyzus boraginacearum
leaf vagrant Aphididae Myzus ascalonicus
leaf vagrant Aphididae Aulacorthum solani
leaf vagrant Aphididae Brachycaudus mordvilkoi

Organ

the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasite

all buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.

PARASITIC MODE

borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signs
down: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot: discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.

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IMPORTANT

The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.

 

Last modified 25.i.2023