Plant Parasites of Europe

leafminers, galls and fungi

genus Marrubium

organ parasitic mode stage note taxonomic group parasite
flower hidden Phlaeothripidae Haplothrips marrubiicola
leaf vagrant Thripidae Thrips linarius
flower hidden Thripidae Tenothrips discolor
stem borer Cerambycidae Phytoecia melanocephala
leaf vagrant Tingidae Tingis liturata
leaf vagrant Tingidae Tingis pauperata
leaf vagrant Pterophoridae Wheeleria obsoletus
leaf leaf spot Mycosphaerellaceae Cercospora marrubii
leaf leaf spot Phyllostictaceae Phyllosticta marrubii
leaf leaf spot Mycosphaerellaceae Ramularia marrubii
root vagrant Cydnidae Tritomegas sexmaculatus
leaf vagrant Miridae Brachycoleus sexvittatus
leaf predator Miridae Deraeocoris ribauti
leaf vagrant Miridae Plagiognathus bipunctatus
seeds vagrant Lygaeidae Raglius alboacuminatus
leaf vagrant Miridae Closterotomus histrio
leaf down Erysiphales Leveillula taurica
root collar borer Cerambycidae Pilemia hirsutula
leaf vagrant Noctuidae Diachrysia chrysitis
leaf hidden doubtful Hesperiidae Carcharodus floccifera
leaf hidden Hesperiidae Carcharodus orientalis
leaf hidden Hesperiidae Carcharodus baeticus
stem borer Buprestidae Acmaeoderella serricornis
leaf vagrant Cicadellidae Eupteryx rostrata
leaf vagrant Cicadellidae Platymetopius henribauti
leaf vagrant Cicadellidae Circulifer haematoceps
leaf vagrant Cicadellidae Platymetopius dorsofenestratus
leaf vagrant Cicadellidae Eupteryx melissae
leaf vagrant Cicadellidae Eupteryx decemnotata
leaf vagrant Tingidae Tingis marrubii
unknown unknown Curculionidae Thamiocolus nubeculosus
unknown unknown doubtful Curculionidae Datonychus scabrirostris
flower hidden Phlaeothripidae Haplothrips marrubiicola
flower borer Nitidulidae Stachygethes villosus
flower borer Nitidulidae Lamiogethes turcicus
flower borer Nitidulidae Stachygethes nanus
flower borer Nitidulidae Stachygethes nigerrimus
leaf vagrant Chrysomelidae Chrysolina bankii
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus ballotae
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus ordinatus
root vagrant Chrysomelidae Longitarsus nanus
fruit borer Tortricidae Endothenia pauperculana
unknown unknown Crambidae Ecpyrrhorrhoe diffusalis
leaf hidden Crambidae Anania hortulata
leaf miner Coleophoridae Coleophora hiberica
leaf vagrant Pterophoridae Wheeleria spilodactylus
leaf vagrant Eriophyidae Aceria aegyptiaca
leaf vagrant spring generation Pterophoridae Capperia fusca
flower vagrant summer generation Pterophoridae Capperia fusca
root borer Sesiidae Chamaesphecia oxybeliformis
root borer Sesiidae Chamaesphecia mysiniformis
leaf miner Chrysomelidae Dibolia depressiuscula
leaf vagrant Aphididae Aphis ballotae
leaf down Erysiphales Leveillula duriaei
leaf down Erysiphales Neoërysiphe galeopsidis
leaf gall Eriophyidae Aceria onychia
leaf miner Agromyzidae Amauromyza labiatarum
leaf miner Agromyzidae Amauromyza morionella
leaf miner Buprestidae Trachys goberti
leaf miner Chrysomelidae Dibolia cynoglossi
leaf miner Coleophoridae Coleophora ballotella
leaf miner Coleophoridae Coleophora lineolea
leaf miner Coleophoridae Coleophora onopordiella
leaf vagrant summer generation Aphididae Cryptomyzus galeopsidis
leaf vagrant summer generation Aphididae Aphis frangulae
leaf vagrant Aphididae Cryptomyzus ballotae

Organ

the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasite

all buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.

PARASITIC MODE

borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signs
down: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot: discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.

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IMPORTANT

The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.

 

Last modified 12.xi.2023