organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
predator | Pteromalidae | Systasis encyrtoides | |||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Halticus apterus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Charagochilus weberi | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Charagochilus gyllenhalii | ||
flower | vagrant | Noctuidae | Heliothis viriplaca | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Heliothis ononis | ||
flower | vagrant | Nolidae | Nola infantula | ||
leaf | vagrant | Erebidae | Rhyparia purpurata | ||
flower | vagrant | Geometridae | Eupithecia pauxillaria | ||
flower | vagrant | Geometridae | Eupithecia satyrata | ||
flower | vagrant | Geometridae | Eupithecia subfuscata | ||
flower | vagrant | Geometridae | Perizoma bifaciata | ||
flower | vagrant | Geometridae | Gymnoscelis rufifasciata | ||
flower | vagrant | Geometridae | Eupithecia centaureata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Nymphalidae | Melitaea didyma | ||
flower | borer | Geometridae | Eupithecia laquaearia | ||
flower | gall | unknown on Odontites vulgaris | |||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Lobesia artemisiana | ||
root | borer | doubtful | Tortricidae | Endothenia oblongana | |
fruit | borer | doubtful | Tortricidae | Gynnidomorpha luridana | |
fruit | borer | Agromyzidae | Phytomyza isais | ||
systemic | borer | Anguinidae | Ditylenchus dipsaci | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Podosphaera phtheirospermi | ||
leaf | down | Peronosporales | Plasmopara densa | ||
leaf | pustule | Blastocladiales | Physoderma negeri | ||
leaf | pustule | Chytridiales | Synchytrium aureum | ||
leaf | pustule | uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Coleosporium euphrasiae | |
leaf | pustule | uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Cronartium flaccidum | |
stem | borer | Agromyzidae | Phytomyza rostrata | ||
stem | gall | Urocystidales | Urocystis schizocaulon | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis frangulae | |
root | vagrant | Aphididae | Brachycaudus mimeuri | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Brachycaudus persicae |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.
Last modified 6.vii.2022