1a gallery and/or blotch => 2

1b fleck mines; larva mines from a transportable case => 10

1c galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species

2a larva also bores in the stem: Delia echinata

2b larva lives exclusively as a leaf miner => 3

3a gallery from start to end => 4

3b (in the end) a primary blotch => 7

4a pupation in the mine, in a, generally lower-surface, pupal chamber: Chromatomyia horticola

4b pupation external, also in greenhouses => 5

5a larva: rear spiraculum with 3 papillae: Liriomyza trifolii

5b rear spiraculum with ≥ 6 papilla => 6

6a generally first part of the gallery lower-surface, largest part upper-surface: Liriomyza bryoniae

6b generally first section upper-surface, largest part lower-surface: Liriomyza huidobrensis

7a larva with thoracic feet and chitinised head; older larvae live free among spun leaves: Caryocolum repentis

7b larva a maggot, mines all its life => 8

8a frass powdery, dark green, often visible only after opening the mine; larva rear spiraculum acute, simple: Scaptomyza graminum

8b frass in clear fragments or granules; rear spiraculum not ending in a simple point => 9

8a at the start of the mine a lower-surface, oval egg shell: Pegomya flavifrons

8b no egg shell to be seen => 9

9a short gallery, followed by a large blotch; frass black: Amauromyza flavifrons

9b gallery proportionally much longer; frass green: Liriomyza gypsophilae

10a tubular leaf case => 11

10b tubular silken case => 12

11a on Gypsophila fastigiata in the plain: Coleophora kyffhusana

11b on G. repens in the mountains: Coleophora repentis

12a case completely covered by grains of sand: Coleophora niveistrigella

12b sand grains only in a few length lines => 13

13a case up to 8 mm, on G. struthium: Coleophora strutiella

13b case up to 18 mm, on G. fastigiata, repens: Coleophora burmanni & nubivagella (species cannot be distinguished on their cases).