organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
predator | Pteromalidae | Halticoptera aenea | |||
fruit | vagrant | Lygaeidae | Nysius graminicola | ||
fruit | vagrant | Lygaeidae | Nysius cymoides | ||
fruit | vagrant | Lygaeidae | Nysius huttoni | ||
leaf | gall | Piesmatidae | Parapiesma quadratum | ||
leaf | vagrant | Coreidae | Syromastus rhombeus | ||
leaf | miner | UNKNOWN QUALIFIER | Gelechiidae | Scrobipalpa salinella | |
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Sideridis turbida | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Heliothis incarnata | ||
unknown | unknown | Curculionidae | Sibinia sericea | ||
fruit | gall | Curculionidae | Sibinia subtriangulifera | ||
fruit | borer | larva | Curculionidae | Sibinia arenariae | |
unknown | unknown | Curculionidae | Gronops lunatus | ||
unknown | unknown | Curculionidae | Gronops lunatus | ||
root collar | borer | larva | doubtful | Apionidae | Pseudaplemonus limonii |
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Cassida vittata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Curculionidae | Hypera arator | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Cnephasia incertana | ||
flower | borer | Pterophoridae | Stenoptilodes taprobanes | ||
fruit | borer | larva | Curculionidae | Sibinia variata | |
fruit | borer | larva | Curculionidae | Sibinia arenariae | |
flower | gall | Curculionidae | Sibinia primita | ||
leaf | down | Peronosporales | Peronospora lepigoni | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza bryoniae | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza strigata | ||
leaf | miner | doubtful | Anthomyiidae | Botanophila depressa | |
leaf | miner | Anthomyiidae | Delia echinata | ||
leaf | miner | Curculionidae | Pseudophytobius acalloides | ||
leaf | miner | Drosophilidae | Scaptomyza graminum | ||
leaf | miner | Ephydridae | Clanoneurum cimiciforme | ||
leaf | miner | Gelechiidae | Scrobipalpa spergulariella | ||
leaf | miner | Gelechiidae | Caryocolum vicinella | ||
leaf | pustule | Albuginales Albiginaceae | Albugo lepigoni | ||
leaf | pustule | aecia uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Uromyces sparsus | |
leaf | pustule | telia | Pucciniales | Puccinia arenariae | |
stem | borer | Anthomyiidae | Delia florilega |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot: discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.