1a mine a large blotch, generally containing several larvae that spend all their life in the mine; larvae are maggots: Pegomya bicolor, haemorrhoum, solennis

1b mine small, usually containing a single larva; older larvae live free; larva with chitinised head => 2

1c gallen etc => Tabellen voor alle parasieten per soort

2a larva without thoracic feet; mine, with or two holes, contains no silk: Hypera rumicis

2b thoracic feet present; mine, without holes, contains some silk => 3

3a mine begins with an epidermal corridor; later a weakly inflated tentiform mine; older larva in a leaf cone: Calybites phasianipennella

3b no initial epidermal corridor; mine flat; older larvae among spun leaves: Cnephasia asseclana