1a fleck mine; larva mines from a helicoidal case: Apterona helicoidella

1b corridor mine; larva (a maggot) lives within the mine => 2

1c galls, etc. => Tables for all parasites per species

2afrass in isolated grains; pupation withinnthe mine: Chromatomya horticola

2b frass in abroad green central band; pupation outside the mine: Liriomyza congesta