organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
flower | predator | Aeolothripidae | Aeolothrips ericae | ||
leaf | vagrant | Lycaenidae | Leptotes pirithous | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Pleosporales incertae sedis | Pleiochaeta setosa | ||
root | film | Leptolegniaceae | Aphanomyces euteiches | ||
root | film | Pythiaceae | Pythium sylvaticum | ||
root | film | Ceratocystidaceae | Berkeleyomyces basicola | ||
root | film | Helicobasidiaceae | Helicobasidium purpureum | ||
root | film | Ceratobasidiaceae | Rhizoctonia solani | ||
root | film | Peronosporaceae | Phytophthora cryptogea | ||
systemic | film | Pythiaceae | Globisporangium intermedium | ||
root | film | Pythiaceae | Pythium rostratum | ||
systemic | down | Sclerotiniaceae | Botrytis cinerea | ||
stem | down | Nectriaceae | Fusarium avenaceum | ||
stem | down | Nectriaceae | Fusarium culmorum | ||
stem | down | Nectriaceae | Fusarium equiseti | ||
stem | down | Nectriaceae | Fusarium oxysporum | ||
stem | down | Nectriaceae | Fusarium sambucinum | ||
root | film | Plectosphaerellaceae | Verticillium albo-atrum | ||
root | film | Plectosphaerellaceae | Verticillium dahliae | ||
stem | leaf spot | Diaporthaceae | Diaporthe leptostromiformis | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Drepanopezizaceae | Thedgonia lupini | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Sporocadaceae | Truncatella angustata | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Didymellaceae | Ascochyta lupinicola | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Mycosphaerellaceae | Septoria kaznowskii | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Pleosporaceae | Stemphylium botryosum | ||
stem | kanker | Nectriaceae | Gibberella pulicaris | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Mycosphaerellaceae | Ramularia unterseheri | ||
root | film | Ceratocystidaceae | Thielaviopsis thielavioides | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Leptospaeriaceae | Longiseptatispora meliloti | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Cladosporiaceae | Cladosporium lupiniphilum | ||
flower | vagrant | Pentatomidae | Piezodorus lituratus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Pentatomidae | Carpocoris purpureipennis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Pentatomidae | Dolycoris baccarum | ||
leaf | vagrant | adult | Curculionidae | Philopedon plagiatum | |
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Actebia praecox | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Lacanobia oleracea | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Melanchra persicariae | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Actebia praecox | ||
leaf | vagrant | Erebidae | Arctia caja | ||
leaf | vagrant | rarely | Nymphalidae | Vanessa cardui | |
leaf | vagrant | Lycaenidae | Cupido argiades | ||
leaf | vagrant | Lycaenidae | Lampides boeticus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Lycaenidae | Celastrina argiolus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Lycaenidae | Callophrys rubi | ||
root | borer | Psilidae | Chyliza leguminicola | ||
leaf | vagrant | adult | Cercopidae | Cercopis vulnerata | |
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Gonioctena olivacea | ||
fruit | borer | Chrysomelidae | Serratobruchidius jocosus | ||
fruit | borer | Chrysomelidae | Serratobruchidius quinqueguttatus | ||
fruit | borer | Chrysomelidae | Serratobruchidius rubiginosus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Curculionidae | Hypera postica | ||
leaf | hidden | Depressariidae | Agonopterix nervosa | ||
leaf | hidden | doubtful | Depressariidae | Agonopterix scopariella | |
fruit | borer | Pyralidae | Etiella zinckenella | ||
leaf | miner | younger larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia asseclana | |
leaf | miner | younger larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia stephensiana | |
leaf | hidden | older larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia stephensiana | |
leaf | hidden | older larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia asseclana | |
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Cnephasia incertana | ||
flower | hidden | Thripidae | Odontothrips loti | ||
fruit | borer | Tortricidae | Cydia nigricana | ||
leaf bud | borer | Gelechiidae | Mirificarma mulinella | ||
root | vagrant | larva | Curculionidae | Sitona verecundus | |
root | vagrant | larva | doubtful | Curculionidae | Sitona cinnamomeus |
root | vagrant | larva | Curculionidae | Sitona macularius | |
root | vagrant | larva | Curculionidae | Charagmus griseus | |
root | vagrant | larva | Curculionidae | Charagmus gressorius | |
root | vagrant | larva | main | Curculionidae | Charagmus gressorius |
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Chromatomyia horticola | ||
root | borer | Sesiidae | Bembecia ichneumoniformis | ||
fruit | gall | Cecidomyiidae | Asphondylia lupini | ||
systemic | borer | Anguinidae | Ditylenchus dipsaci | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Erysiphe intermedia | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Erysiphe pisi var. pisi | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza bryoniae | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza congesta | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza strigata | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Liriomyza xanthocera | ||
leaf | miner | doubtful | Agromyzidae | Agromyza demeijerei | |
leaf | miner | rarely | Agromyzidae | Agromyza johannae | |
leaf | miner | Drosophilidae | Scaptomyza graminum | ||
leaf | miner | Gracillariidae | Micrurapteryx kollariella | ||
leaf | miner | Lyonetiidae | Leucoptera laburnella | ||
leaf | pustule | uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Uromyces lupinicola | |
leaf | pustule | uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Uromyces renovatus | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis fabae | |
stem | borer | Agromyzidae | Napomyza lateralis | ||
root | gall | Heteroderidae | Heterodera schachtii | ||
root | gall | Heteroderidae | Heterodera trifolii | ||
root | gall | Meloidogynidae | Meloidogyne hapla | ||
root | gall | Rhizobiales | Rhizobium lupini | ||
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Macrosiphum albifrons | ||
stem | vagrant | Aphididae | Aphis craccivora |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot: discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.