1a strongly inflated tentiform mine => 2

1b corridor or blotch => 3

1c fleck mine; larve mines from a helicoidal case: Apterona helicoidella

1d galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species

2a pupa: cremaster spines just before the terminal hook wit a notch; abdomen segment 10 as broad as long: Phyllonorycter medicaginella

2b cremaster spines not notched; abdomen segment 10 broader than long: Phyllonorycter insignitella

3a mine tiny => 4

3b mine not unusually small => 6

4a pinacula colourless (although the bases of the setae are black): Cnephasia incertana

4b pinacula black => 5

5a abdomen segment 10 with an anal comb: Cnephasia asseclana

5b no anal comb present: Cnephasia stephensiana

6a full depth blotch; larva with chitinised head => 7

6b upper- or lower-surface corridor; larva a maggot => 8

7a anterior margin of pro- and mesonotum white; pronotum without black marks: Aproaerema anthyllidella

7b anterior margin of pro- and mesonotum concolorous with the rest of the segment; pronotum with a pair of small spots and, more to the sides, a pair of large black spots: Ancylis badiana

8a pinnately branched corridor, main branch overlying the midrib: Liriomyza strigata

8bmine not pinnately branched => 9

9a larva: cephalic skeleton with three rearwards pointing arms => 10

9b cephalic skeleton with two rearwards pointing arms => 11

10a gallery strongly widened in the end, here locally full depth; frass in a few large lumps: Agromyza nana

10b gallery weakly widening, upper-surface throughout; frass with a broad green band: Agromyza frontella

11a frass in a broad green central line, with minute black grains at either side: Liriomyza congesta

11b frass black, not in a green band => 12

12a corridor ends on top of the midrib; frass in grains and lumps: Liriomyza xanthocera

12b corridor runs freely through the leaf; frass in strings => 13

13a larva: rear spiraculum with 3 papillae; mainly in greenhouses: Liriomyza trifolii

13b rear spiraculum with 6-9 papillae; in the open => 14

14a corridor deep, lower-surface at first, upper-surfce later; where the two cross transparant patches are the result: Liriomyza bryoniae

14b corridor shallow, either upper- or lower-surface, but not combined in one mine: Liriomyza cicerina