Trifolium clover
Incl. Amoria, Chrysapis.
(For a dichotomous table for galls on Trifolium by Hans Roskam click here)
Dichotomous table for leafminers
1a fleck mine: Apterona helicoidella
1b under-surface tentiform mine => 2
1c corridor or blotch => 3
1d galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species
Dichotomous table for leafminers
1a fleck mine: Apterona helicoidella
1b under-surface tentiform mine => 2
1c corridor or blotch => 3
1d galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species
2a m ine strongly inflated, almost the entire leaf folding over it; upper side white-mottled; cremaster with two pairs of thorns that are set close together; especially the outer pair stout: Phyllonoryter nigrescentella
2b mine weakly inflated, upper side largely green; cremaster with two pairs of thread thin spines, not set close together: Phyllonoryter insignitella
3a older larvae live free between spun leaves; mine full depth, very transparent => 4
3b larvae remain in the mine => 5
4a larva dark grey with anteriorly a white dorsal line: Aproaerema anthyllidella
4b larva brownish-yellow with red transverse bands: Syncopacma taeniolella
5a at the start of the mine an egg shell; long corridor, gradually widened to become a blotch: Trifurcula cryptella
5b no egg shell at the begin => 6
6a mine (almost) without frass => 7
6b mine contains abundant frass => 8
7a larva with chitinised head: Parectopa ononidis
7b mine contains a puparium: Hydrellia griseola
8a puparium in the mine in a, usually lower-surface, pupal chamber: Chromatomyia horticola
8b pupation outside the mine => 9
9a mone lower-surface for most of its length: Phytomyza brischkei
9b mine entirely upper-surface (in the end locally full depth) => 10
10a a corridor till the end; larva: cephalic skeleton with two rearwards pointing arms: Liriomyza congesta
10b final part of the corridor blotchy; cephalic skeleton with three rearwards pointing arms => 11
11a gallery weakly widening, upper-surface throughout; frass with a broad green band: Agromyza frontella
11b gallery strongly widenend in the end, here locally full depth; frass in a few large lumps: Agromyza nana
Not included in the key: Ancylis badiana; Cnephasia asseclana, incertana; Liriomyza bryoniae, trifolii; Phyllonorycter medicaginella, trifoliella; Polyommatus icarus; Syncopacma vinella.