Plant Parasites of Europe

leafminers, galls and fungi

Euphorbia

Euphorbia spurge

Incl. Pedilanthus.

(For a dichotomous table for galls on Euphorbia by Hans Roskam click here)

Dichotomous table for leafminers

1a fleck mine; larva in a helicoidal case: Apterona helicoidella

1b corridor or blotch; larva mines from the inside => 2

1c small, full depth mines of indefinite shape; older larvae live free among spun leaves => 13

1d gallen etc => Tabellen voor alle parasieten per soort

2a small, irregular mines, somewhat contracted; older larvae live free among spun leaves => 3

2b mine not unusually small, never contracted; larve mine all their life => 5

3a larva: pinacula colourless (but the bases of the setae are black): Cnephasia incertana

3b pinacula black => 4

4a terminal abdominal segment with a black anal comb: Cnephasia asseclana

4b no anal comb present: Cnephasia stephensiana

5a at start of the mine a globular shining egg shell; larva with chitinised head => 6

5b no egg shell visible; larva a maggot => 7

6a species of the Canary Islands: Muhabbetana jubae

6b species of continental Europe: Muhabbetana euphorbiella

7a blotch => 8

7b corridor, may be widening in the end => 9

8a no trace of an initial corridor; larvae as a rule communal: Liriomyza pascuum

8b no trace of an initial corridor; larvae solitary (??): Liriomyza heringi

8c blotch preceded by a short corridor: Liriomyza myrsinitae

9a mine for a large part on top of, or inside, the midrib, or sending branches from the midrib => 10

9b mine independent of the lef venation => 12

10a puparium and (at daytime) larva in the base of the hollow midrib => 11

10b puparium or larva never inside the midrib: Liriomyza strigata

11a larva: rear spiraculum with >10 papillae: Ophiomyia beckeri

11b rear spiraculum with 8-9 papillae: Ophiomyia cunctata

12a pupation within the mine, in a, usually lower surface, pupal chamber: Chromatomyia horticola

12b pupation outside the mine: Liriomyza balcanica

13a larva: pinacula colourless (the bases of the setae themselves are black) : Cnephasia incertana

13b pinacula black => 14

14a larva: behind/below the anus a chitinous comb: Cnephasia asseclana

14b anal comb absent: Cnephasia stephensiana

Not included in the key: Liriomyza euphorbiae

Tables for all parasites per species

Last modified 5.xii.2019