organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
predator | Pteromalidae | Cheiropachus quadrum | |||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Notocelia cynosbatella | ||
stem | borer | Cossidae | Zeuzera pyrina | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Closterotomus picturatus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tingidae | Monosteira unicostata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Pentatomidae | Palomena viridissima | ||
leaf | vagrant | adult | Curculionidae | Philopedon plagiatum | |
leaf | scale | Aleyrodidae | Siphoninus phillyreae | ||
systemic | vagrant | Tenuipalpidae | Brevipalpus phoenicis | ||
leaf | scale | Coccidae | Ceroplastes floridensis | ||
stem | scale | Coccidae | Ceroplastes rusci | ||
leaf | scale | Coccidae | Coccus hesperidum | ||
stem | scale | Coccidae | Saissetia oleae | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Archips rosana | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Hedya nubiferana | ||
leaf | vagrant | Geometridae | Operophtera brumata | ||
stem | borer | Cossidae | Cossus cossus | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Capnodis tenebrionis | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Agrilus roscidus | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Agrilus sinuatus | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Anthaxia umbellatarum | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Anthaxia salicis | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Anthaxia semicuprea | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Scolytus mali | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Xyleborus dispar | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Scolytus rugulosus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Magdalis barbicornis | ||
leaf | vagrant | adult | Curculionidae | Otiorhynchus smreczynskii | |
leaf | gall | rarely | Psyllidae | Cacopsylla mali | |
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Magdalis ruficornis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tenthredinidae | Caliroa cerasi | ||
stem | scale | Pseudococcidae | Phenacoccus aceris | ||
stem | scale | Coccidae | Eulecanium ciliatum | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Acleris rhombana | ||
leaf | hidden | Gelechiidae | Teleiodes italica | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Spilonota ocellana | ||
fruit | borer | Tortricidae | Cydia pomonella | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Adoxophyes orana | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Acleris variegana | ||
stem | borer | Tortricidae | Enarmonia formosana | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tortricidae | Acleris holmiana | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tenuipalpidae | Brevipalpus obovatus | ||
systemic | vagrant | Tenuipalpidae | Cenopalpus lanceolatisetae | ||
leaf | pustule | aecia | Pucciniales | Gymnosporangium asiaticum | |
leaf | gall | larva | Rhynchitidae | Byctiscus betulae | |
stem | borer | larva | Rhynchitidae | Rhynchites caeruleus | |
fruit | borer | larva | Rhynchitidae | Rhynchites bacchus | |
fruit | borer | larva | Rhynchitidae | Tatianaerhynchites aequatus | |
leaf | miner | Rhynchitidae | Neocoenorrhinus pauxillus | ||
leaf | scale | Aleyrodidae | Aleurocanthus spiniferus | ||
stem | borer | Sesiidae | Synanthedon myopaeformis | ||
fruit | borer | Tephritidae | Ceratitis capitata | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Helotiales | Diplocarpon mespili | ||
root | gall | doubtful | Aphididae | Aploneura ampelina | |
leaf | gall | Psyllidae | Cacopsylla melanoneura | ||
stem | borer | doubtful | Agromyzidae | Phytobia carbonaria | |
leaf | vagrant | Tenuipalpidae | Cenopalpus pulcher | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Phyllactinia mali | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Podosphaera clandestina | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Podosphaera leucotricha | ||
leaf | gall | Aphididae | Aphis pomi | ||
leaf | gall | spring generation | Aphididae | Dysaphis pyri | |
leaf | gall | Eriophyidae | Eriophyes orientalis | ||
leaf | gall | Eriophyidae | Eriophyes pyri | ||
leaf | gall | rarely | Psyllidae | Cacopsylla mali | |
leaf | gall | Taphrinales | Taphrina bullata | ||
leaf | miner | Bucculatricidae | Bucculatrix bechsteinella | ||
leaf | miner | Coleophoridae | Coleophora hemerobiella | ||
leaf | miner | Coleophoridae | Coleophora prunifoliae | ||
leaf | miner | Coleophoridae | Coleophora serratella | ||
leaf | miner | Coleophoridae | Coleophora spinella | ||
leaf | miner | Coleophoridae | Coleophora violacea | ||
leaf | miner | Curculionidae | Rhamphus oxyacanthae | ||
leaf | miner | Gelechiidae | Recurvaria nanella | ||
leaf | miner | Gracillariidae | Parornix anguliferella | ||
leaf | miner | Gracillariidae | Phyllonorycter corylifoliella | ||
leaf | miner | Gracillariidae | Phyllonorycter hostis | ||
leaf | miner | rarely | Gracillariidae | Phyllonorycter leucographella | |
leaf | miner | Gracillariidae | Phyllonorycter mespilella | ||
leaf | miner | Gracillariidae | Phyllonorycter oxyacanthae | ||
leaf | miner | Gracillariidae | Phyllonorycter sorbi | ||
leaf | miner | Lyonetiidae | Leucoptera malifoliella | ||
leaf | miner | Lyonetiidae | Lyonetia clerkella | ||
leaf | miner | Lyonetiidae | Lyonetia prunifoliella | ||
leaf | miner | doubtful | Nepticulidae | Stigmella incognitella | |
leaf | miner | Nepticulidae | Stigmella oxyacanthella | ||
leaf | pustule | aecia | Pucciniales | Gymnosporangium clavariiforme | |
leaf | pustule | aecia | Pucciniales | Gymnosporangium confusum | |
leaf | pustule | aecia | Pucciniales | Gymnosporangium gracile | |
leaf | pustule | aecia | Pucciniales | Gymnosporangium tremelloides | |
leaf | vagrant | spring generation | Aphididae | Rhopalosiphum oxyacanthae | |
leaf | vagrant | spring generation | Aphididae | Ovatus crataegarius | |
leaf | vagrant | Diptilomiopidae | Diptacus gigantorhynchus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Eriophyidae | Aculus schlechtendali | ||
stem | gall | summer generation | Aphididae | Eriosoma lanigerum | |
stem | gall | Eriophyidae | Acalitus phloeocoptes | ||
stem | gall | Rhizobiales | Agrobacterium tumefaciens | ||
stem | gall | Santalaceae | Viscum album | ||
root | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Eriosoma flavum | |
root | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Eriosoma lanuginosum | |
stem | scale | Coccidae | Eulecanium tiliae | ||
leaf | vagrant | spring generation | Aphididae | Ovatus crataegarius | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis fabae | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Myzus persicae | |
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Aphis spiraecola | ||
leaf | vagrant | spring generation | rarely | Aphididae | Ovatus insitus |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.
Last modified 27.vi.2022