1a tentiform mine => 2

1b fleck mine => 4

1c corridor or blotch mine => 7

1d galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species

2a miune upper-surface, silvery (brown in the end): Phyllonorycter corylifoliella

2b mine lower-surface => 3

3a lower epidermis brownish, wrinkeld but not strongly folded; mine at the leaf margin: Parornix anglicella

3b lower epidermis yellow-green, with some strong folds; mine elongated, between two veins or along the leaf margin: Phyllonorycter anceps, blancardella [voorkomen op deze waardplant zeer onzeker], mespilella, oxyacanthae

4a lobe case: Coleophora violacea

4b tubular leaf case (youth case, ca. 5 mm) => 5

4c composite leaf case (> 5 mm) => 6

5a rear end of case crooked like the handle of a walking stick: Coleophora hemerobiella

5b rear end at most at right angle with the case itself: Coleophora spinella or C. serratella

6a case 8-11 mm; mouth angle 90°: Coleophora hemerobiella

6b case 6-7 mm, mouth angle 60°: Coleophora spinella of C. serratella

7a tiny drop- or pear-shaped blotch with very much frass; larva pear-shaped: Rhamphus oxyacanthae

7b clear corridor or broad blotch (or a combination of both); larva slender => 8

8a corridor, in the end not widenened into a blotch => 9

8b more or less broad blotch, may be preceded by a corridor => 13

9a corridor < 1 cm => 10

9b corridor longer, freely winding through the leaf => 11

10a mine with much frass; usually hooklike, in a vein axil: Bucculatrix bechsteinella

10b little or no frass; gallery irregular, sloppy: Recurvaria nanella

11a frass partly coiled; at start of the mine a globular shining egg shell; larva green: Stigmella oxyacanthella

11b frass throughout in a central line; no egg shell visible; larva whitish => 12

12a frass brown; corridor narrow, not widening; larva makes, on the same or a neighbouring leaf, a blotch mine that contain little or no frass (rare species): Lyonetia prunifoliella

12b frass black; corridor clearly though not strongly widening; larva doesn’t make a blotch, remains in the corridor till just before pupation (common species): Lyonetia clerkella

13a blotch upper- or lower-surface => 14

13b blotch full depth => 15

14a mine upper-surface, silvery, elongated, overlying a thick vein: young mine of Phyllonorycter corylifoliella

14b mine lower-surface: young mine of Parornix anglicella

15a blotch not preceded by a corridor => 16

15b preceding corridor present => 17

16a blotch containts frass, in concentric circles: Leucoptera malifoliella

16b blotch contains little or no frass (it is expelled; some grains may be seen hanging in spinning under the mine): Lyonetia prunifoliella

17a at the start of the corridor a globular shining egg shell; blotch contains clear amounts of frass; initial corridor often following the leaf margin => 18

17b no egg shell at the begin; blotch practically without frass; corridor not following the leaf margin: Lyonetia prunifoliella

18a initial corridor always following the leaf margin; frass here warm brown: Stigmella regiella

18b initial corridor often free from the leaf margin and in that case strongly contorted; frass in the corridor black: Ectoedemia atricollis