Tilia lime
Dichotomous table for leafminers
1a blotch mine, from which eventually an excision is made that is hardly smaller than the mine itself => 2
1b lower surface tentiform mine => 3
1c blotch mine (no excisipn) => 4
1d corridor mine => 6
1e fleck mine => 8
1f galls, etc. => Tables for all parasites per species
2a larva: each thorax segment with a black dorsal shield: Incurvaria koerneriella or pectinea
2b onlt pronutum with a black shield; meso- and metanotum with a small dark spot: Incurvaria masculella
3a frass in a lump in one corner of the mine: Phyllonorycter issikii
3b frass scattered in the mine: Phyllonorycter messaniella
4a on the oviposition spot (usually the leaf tip) a shining black drop of dried secretion: Trachys minutus
4b no such drop => 5
5a mines in May, mostly in the canopy; mines flat, not rolled in at the margin; rarely more than 1 mine per leaf; frass pellets about 0.5 mm lomng: Parna apicalis
5b mines in June-July, mainly on suckers; mine somewhat inflated, rolled in at the margin; often several mines per leaf; frass pellets up to 2 mm long: Parna tenella
6a a contorted gallery of about 2 cm; larva remains in the mine until just before pupation: Stigmella tiliae
6b mine < 1 cm; elder larvae live free => 7
7a mine at the leaf margin (generally in the tip of the leaf): Roeslerstammia erxlebella
7b hooklike mine in a vein axil: Bucculatrix thoracella
8a lobe case: Coleophora violacea
8b tubular leaf case: Coleophora siccifolia
8c pistol case: Coleophora anatipenella
Not included in the key: Bucculatrix albedinella; Coleophora ahenella.