organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
root | vagrant | larva | Curculionidae | Romualdius scaber | |
stem | borer | Momphidae | Mompha confusella | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Mycosphaerellaceae | Septoria epilobii | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Mycosphaerellaceae | Passalora heterospora | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Dothideomycetes | Asteromella ludwigii | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Capnodiales | Ramularia chamaenerii | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Dothideales | Phaeoramularia punctiformis | ||
leaf | vagrant | rarely | Miridae | Macrotylus herrichi | |
leaf | vagrant | doubtful | Miridae | Strongylocoris niger | |
predator | Miridae | Deraeocoris scutellaris | |||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Apolygus spinolae | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Lygocoris pabulinus | ||
predator | Miridae | Phytocoris nowickyi | |||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Adelphocoris lineolatus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Brachycoleus decolor | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Lygus gemellatus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Lygus rugulipennis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Orthops kalmii | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Plagiognathus bipunctatus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Plagiognathus chrysanthemi | ||
predator | Miridae | Dicyphus epilobii | |||
leaf | vagrant | adult | Curculionidae | Phyllobius glaucus | |
leaf | scale | Aleyrodidae | Aleyrodes lonicerae | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Xestia c-nigrum | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Standfussiana lucernea | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Mamestra brassicae | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Hyppa rectilinea | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Xylena vetusta | ||
leaf | vagrant | Geometridae | Ematurga atomaria | ||
leaf | vagrant | Geometridae | Ecliptopera silaceata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Geometridae | Dysstroma citrata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Geometridae | Spargania luctuata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Geometridae | Orthonama vittata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Sphingidae | Deilephila elpenor | ||
leaf | vagrant | Sphingidae | Hyles gallii | ||
leaf | vagrant | Sphingidae | Proserpinus proserpina | ||
leaf | vagrant | doubtful | Tenthredinidae | Siobla ruficornis | |
leaf | vagrant | Cixiidae | Cixius distinguendus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Cicadellidae | Sonronius binotatus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Cicadellidae | Evacanthus interruptus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Phlaeothripidae | Liothrips austriacus | ||
flower | hidden | Thripidae | Thrips flavus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Phlaeothripidae | Liothrips setinodis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Altica ampelophaga | ||
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Altica chamaenerii | ||
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Altica lythri | ||
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Altica palustris | ||
leaf | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Altica impressicollis | ||
root | vagrant | Chrysomelidae | Bromius obscurus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tenthredinidae | Tenthredo silensis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tenthredinidae | Tenthredo colon | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tenthredinidae | Aglaostigma langei | ||
leaf | hidden | Scythrididae | Scythris inspersella | ||
leaf | hidden | Scythrididae | Scythris noricella | ||
leaf | hidden | Momphidae | Mompha conturbatella | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Clepsis spectrana | ||
leaf | miner | younger larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia stephensiana | |
leaf | hidden | older larva | Tortricidae | Cnephasia stephensiana | |
leaf | vagrant | doubtful | Aphididae | Aphis praeterita | |
root | borer | Momphidae | Mompha idaei | ||
fruit | borer | summer generation | Momphidae | Mompha sturnipennella | |
flower | gall | Cecidomyiidae | Dasineura epilobii | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Podosphaera epilobii | ||
leaf | gall | Cecidomyiidae | Dasineura kiefferiana | ||
leaf | gall | Diaporthales | Apiognomonia errabunda | ||
leaf | gall | Eriophyidae | Phyllocoptes epilobiorum | ||
leaf | miner | Momphidae | Mompha epilobiella | ||
leaf | miner | Momphidae | Mompha langiella | ||
leaf | miner | Momphidae | Mompha raschkiella | ||
leaf | miner | Momphidae | Mompha sexstrigella | ||
leaf | pustule | aecia uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Puccinia pulverulenta | |
leaf | pustule | uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Pucciniastrum epilobii | |
leaf | pustule | telia | Pucciniales | Puccinia gigantea | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis fabae | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis frangulae | |
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis salicariae | |
leaf | vagrant | Eriophyidae | Epitrimerus chamaenerii | ||
stem | borer | spring generation | Momphidae | Mompha sturnipennella | |
stem | gall | main | Curculionidae | Auleutes epilobii | |
stem | gall | doubtful | Momphidae | Mompha divisella | |
root | gall | Psyllidae | Craspedolepta nebulosa | ||
root | gall | Psyllidae | Craspedolepta subpunctata | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | main | Aphididae | Aphis frangulae frangulae |
systemic | vagrant | Aphididae | Aphis mirifica | ||
stem | vagrant | Aphididae | Macrosiphum tinctum | ||
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Macrosiphum lisae |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot: discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.