organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Morimus asper | ||
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Aegosoma scabricorne | ||
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Xylotrechus stebbingi | ||
stem | scale | Diaspididae | Pseudaulacaspis pentagona | ||
systemic | scale | Diaspididae | Parlatoria oleae | ||
systemic | down | Sclerotiniaceae | Botrytis cinerea | ||
root | film | Plectosphaerellaceae | Verticillium albo-atrum | ||
root | film | Plectosphaerellaceae | Verticillium dahliae | ||
stem | kanker | Nectriaceae | Nectria cinnabarina | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Leptospaeriaceae | Leptosphaeria glandulosae | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Ascomycota incertae sedis | Septogloeum ailanthi | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Didymellaceae | Ascochyta ailanthi | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Phyllostictaceae | Phyllosticta ailanthi | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Pleosporales | Mycocentrospora acerina | ||
leaf | vagrant | Pentatomidae | Halyomorpha halys | ||
leaf | vagrant | Erebidae | Hyphantria cunea | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Archips xylosteana | ||
leaf | vagrant | doubtful | Cicadellidae | Hespericerus brusinae | |
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Hylesinus fraxini | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Hypoborus ficus | ||
leaf | down | rarely | Erysiphales | Erysiphe alphitoides | |
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Erysiphe delavayi | ||
leaf | down | Erysiphales | Erysiphe platani | ||
leaf | gall | Eriophyidae | Aculus mosoniensis | ||
stem | scale | Coccidae | Parthenolecanium corni | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Aphis fabae | |
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Macrosiphum euphorbiae |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot: discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.