Plant Parasites of Europe

leafminers, galls and fungi

Juncus effusus

soft-rush

synonym: Juncus communis

organ parasitic mode stage note taxonomic group parasite
stem borer doubtful Noctuidae Celaena haworthii
stem borer Psilidae Loxocera albiseta
leaf leaf spot Phaeosphaeriaceae Phaeosphaeria norfolcia
fruit vagrant Coleophoridae Coleophora taeniipennella
flower hidden Thripidae Thrips minutissimus
stem leaf spot Sclerotiniaceae Myriosclerotinia curreyana
stem leaf spot Sclerotiniaceae Myriosclerotinia juncifida
leaf leaf spot Phaeosphaeriaceae Phaeosphaeria juncina
leaf leaf spot Phaeosphaeriaceae Phaeosphaeria moravica
leaf leaf spot Phaeosphaeriaceae Phaeosphaeria petkovicensis
leaf leaf spot Phaeosphaeriaceae Septoriella junci
leaf leaf spot Mycosphaerellaceae Cercospora juncina
leaf down Mycosphaerellaceae Pseudocercosporella junci
seeds vagrant Lygaeidae Peritrechus angusticollis
predator Nabidae Himacerus boops
leaf vagrant Lygaeidae Cymus glandicolor
predator Miridae Tytthus pygmaeus
leaf vagrant Lygaeidae Cymus melanocephalus
leaf vagrant Miridae Calocoris roseomaculatus
predator Miridae Tytthus pubescens
stem borer Noctuidae Coenobia rufa
leaf vagrant Noctuidae Antitype chi
leaf vagrant Noctuidae Simyra albovenosa
stem borer Anthomyzidae Anagnota bicolor
stem borer Anthomyzidae Stiphrosoma sabulosum
root vagrant Pallopteridae Palloptera scutellata
stem borer Anthomyzidae Stiphrosoma laetum
leaf vagrant Cicadellidae Conosanus obsoletus
leaf vagrant Delphacidae Muellerianella fairmairei
leaf vagrant Delphacidae Conomelus sagittifer
leaf vagrant Delphacidae Florodelphax leptosoma
leaf vagrant Delphacidae Conomelus anceps
leaf vagrant Delphacidae Megamelodes lequesnei
leaf vagrant Delphacidae Conomelus lorifer
root collar borer Curculionidae Limnobaris t-album
unknown unknown Curculionidae Limnobaris dolorosa
root gall doubtful Entorrhizales Juncorrhiza casparyana
root borer Chrysomelidae Chaetocnema subcoerulea
stem borer Chloropidae Microcercis trigonella
leaf miner younger larva Tenthredinidae Eutomostethus luteiventris
leaf vagrant older larva Tenthredinidae Eutomostethus luteiventris
leaf vagrant Tenthredinidae Dolerus madidus
leaf vagrant Tenthredinidae Dolerus ferrugatus
leaf vagrant Tenthredinidae Dolerus triplicatus
leaf vagrant summer generation Aphididae Sitobion fragariae
fruit vagrant Coleophoridae Coleophora caespititiella
fruit vagrant Coleophoridae Coleophora glaucicolella
fruit vagrant Coleophoridae Coleophora alticolella
flower gall Psyllidae Livia junci
leaf miner Agromyzidae Cerodontha luctuosa
leaf pustule uredinia telia Pucciniales Uromyces junci
stem borer Agromyzidae Cerodontha capitata
stem miner Buprestidae Aphanisticus emarginatus
root gall Plasmodiophorales Ligniera junci
leaf vagrant Aphididae Caricosipha paniculatae
leaf vagrant Aphididae Sipha glyceriae
leaf vagrant Aphididae Sitobion avenae

Organ

the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasite

all buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.

PARASITIC MODE

borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signs
down: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot: discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.

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IMPORTANT

The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.

 

Last modified 8.v.2023