organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
leaf | vagrant | Thripidae | Aptinothrips stylifer | ||
flower | hidden | Phlaeothripidae | Haplothrips vuilleti | ||
leaf | predator | Aeolothripidae | Aeolothrips albicinctus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Phlaeothripidae | Haplothrips aculeatus | ||
seeds | vagrant | Carabidae | Amara quenseli | ||
leaf | vagrant | Nymphalidae | Erebia ligea | ||
leaf | vagrant | Nymphalidae | Erebia oeme | ||
root | borer | doubtful | Hepialidae | Pharmacis fusconebulosa | |
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Clepsis rogana | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Phaeosphaeriaceae | Phaeosphaeria epicalamia | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Mycosphaerellaceae | Septoria chanousiana | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Phaeosphaeriaceae | Phaeosphaeria juncicola | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Mycosphaerellaceae | Mycosphaerella hypostomatica | ||
stem | leaf spot | Sclerotiniaceae | Myriosclerotinia luzulae | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Mycosphaerellaceae | Septoria luzulae | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Dothideomycetes incertae sedis | Asteromella luzulina | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Didymellaceae | Ascochyta teretiuscula | ||
leaf | vagrant | Lygaeidae | Cymus aurescens | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Stenodema holsata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Lygaeidae | Cymus glandicolor | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Horwathia lineolata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Nymphalidae | Pararge xiphioides | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Cerastis rubricosa | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Diarsia brunnea | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Mythimna turca | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Apamea scolopacina | ||
stem | borer | Noctuidae | Oligia versicolor | ||
stem | borer | Noctuidae | Mesoligia furuncula | ||
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Stilbia anomala | ||
leaf | vagrant | Lasiocampidae | Macrothylacia rubi | ||
leaf | vagrant | Nymphalidae | Erebia aethiops | ||
leaf | vagrant | Tingidae | Agramma laetum | ||
leaf | vagrant | Cicadellidae | Macrosteles sexnotatus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Cicadellidae | Macustus grisescens | ||
leaf | vagrant | doubtful | Delphacidae | Javesella discolor | |
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Chromatomyia cygnicollina | ||
leaf | vagrant | Cicadellidae | Forcipata forcipata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Cicadellidae | Anoscopus albifrons | ||
stem | borer | Psilidae | Loxocera sylvatica | ||
stem | borer | Heleomyzidae | Suillia laevifrons | ||
leaf | scale | Eriococcidae | Rhizococcus palustris | ||
leaf | scale | Eriococcidae | Acanthococcus pseudinsignis | ||
leaf | scale | Eriococcidae | Acanthococcus insignis | ||
leaf | scale | Coccidae | Luzulaspis nemorosa | ||
leaf | scale | Coccidae | Luzulaspis frontalis | ||
unknown | scale | Eriococcidae | Acanthococcus herbaceus | ||
leaf | scale | Coccidae | Luzulaspis luzulae | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Clepsis steineriana | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Aphelia paleana | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Lozotaenia forsterana | ||
leaf | borer | Phytoptidae | Novophytoptus rostratae | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Phytoptidae | Novophytoptus luzulis | ||
stem | borer | Glyphipterigidae | Glyphipterix bergstraesserella | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Metopolophium dirhodum | |
leaf | scale | rarely | Coccidae | Eriopeltis lichtensteini | |
fruit | vagrant | Coleophoridae | Coleophora antennariella | ||
fruit | vagrant | rarely | Coleophoridae | Coleophora glaucicolella | |
fruit | vagrant | Coleophoridae | Coleophora otidipennella | ||
fruit | vagrant | rarely | Coleophoridae | Coleophora alticolella | |
fruit | vagrant | Coleophoridae | Coleophora sylvaticella | ||
fruit | gall | Microbotryales | Bauerago vuyckii | ||
fruit | gall | Ustilaginales | Stegocintractia hyperborea | ||
fruit | gall | Ustilaginales | Stegocintractia luzulae | ||
flower | gall | Ustilaginales | Stegocintractia spadicea | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Cerodontha bimaculata | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Cerodontha carpatica | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Cerodontha handlirschi | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Cerodontha luzulae | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Cerodontha silvatica | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Chromatomyia beigerae | ||
leaf | miner | Agromyzidae | Chromatomyia luzulae | ||
leaf | miner | Elachistidae | Elachista albifrontella | ||
leaf | miner | rarely | Elachistidae | Elachista apicipunctella | |
leaf | miner | Elachistidae | Elachista geminatella | ||
leaf | miner | Elachistidae | Elachista gleichenella | ||
leaf | miner | Elachistidae | Elachista nobilella | ||
leaf | miner | Elachistidae | Elachista quadripunctella | ||
leaf | miner | Elachistidae | Elachista regificella | ||
leaf | miner | Elachistidae | Elachista tengstromi | ||
leaf | miner | Elachistidae | Elachista trapeziella | ||
leaf | pustule | uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Puccinia luzulae | |
leaf | pustule | uredinia telia | Pucciniales | Puccinia obscura | |
leaf | stripe | Urocystidales | Urocystis luzulae | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Ceruraphis eriophori | |
stem | borer | Glyphipterigidae | Glyphipterix fuscoviridella | ||
stem | miner | Buprestidae | Aphanisticus pusillus | ||
leaf | vagrant | doubtful | Aphididae | Atheroides brevicornis | |
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Sipha maydis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Melanaphis luzulella | ||
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Sitobion avenae | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Sitobion fragariae |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot: discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.