Hierochloe holy-grass
Dichotomous table for leafminers
1a larva with feet and chitinised head; pupation externa: Cosmopterix orichalcea
1b larva a maggot; pupation within the mine => 2
1c galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species
2a larva and puparium with strongly enlarged, fang-shaped, rear spiracula, anchoring into the leaf tissue: Chromatomyia milii
2b rear spiracula normal => 3
3a several puparia in a mine, each anchoresd with a strong of silk: Cerodontha incisa
3b puparium solitary, without a silken strand => 4
4a puparium shining black; rear spiracula penetrate the epidermis: Cerodontha muscina
4b puparium orange brown; front spiracula penetrating: Chromatomyia nigra