1a larva with feet and chitinised head; pupation externa: Cosmopterix orichalcea

1b larva a maggot; pupation within the mine => 2

1c galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species

2a larva and puparium with strongly enlarged, fang-shaped, rear spiracula, anchoring into the leaf tissue: Chromatomyia milii

2b rear spiracula normal => 3

3a several puparia in a mine, each anchoresd with a strong of silk: Cerodontha incisa

3b puparium solitary, without a silken strand => 4

4a puparium shining black; rear spiracula penetrate the epidermis: Cerodontha muscina

4b puparium orange brown; front spiracula penetrating: Chromatomyia nigra