Hordeum barley
Dichotomous table for leafminers
1a the larve mines from a transportable, helicoidal case, making fleck mines: Apterona helicinella
1b the larva mines from within => 2
1c gallen etc => Tabellen voor alle parasieten per soort
2a larva with thoracic feet and a chitinised head => 3
2b larva a feetless and apparently headless maggot => 4
3a large blotch; the larve mines all its life in the blade; eastern Mediterranean: Syringopais temperatella
3b mine undescribed, probably a small gallery, descending into the base of the leaf; older larvae live as stem borers; all Europe: Ochsenheimeria taurella & urella
4a larva: mandible with 1 tooth; at the start of the mine (often in the leaf sheath) at the outside an egg shell: Hydrellia griseola
4b mandible with 2 or more teeth, no egg shell visible => 5
5a larva: cephalic skeleton with three arms pointing rearwards; pupation outside the mine => 6 *
5b cephalic skeleton with two arms pointing rearwards; pupation within or outside the mine => 13
6a larva: rear spiraculum with 3 papillae that are elongated and sigmoid => 7
6b rear spiraculum not that unusual => 8
7a larva: front spiraculum with 8 papillae: A. luteitarsis
7b front spiraculum with 11-14 papillae: A. intermittens
8a larva: ventrally, behind the mandibles, a field with spinulose warts: A. megalopsis
8b no such field => 9
9a larva: mandible with 4 teeth: Agromya albipennis
9b mandible with 3 teeth (basal one smaller than the distal two) => 10
9c mandible with 2 teeth => 11
10a larva: abdomen segment 8 dorsally spinulose over its entire width; puparium orange: Agromyza nigrociliata
10b abdomen segment 8 dorsally spinulose only near the anterior and posterior margin; puparium black: Agromyza ambigua
11a larva solitary; rear end of cut off at a right angle: Agromyza rondensis
11b larvae communal; rear end of cut off obliquely => 12
12a larvae in June and August (2 generations): Agromyza mobilis
12b larvae in July (1 generation): Agromyza nigrella
13a pupation outside the mine => 14
13b puparium within the mine => 17
14a larva and puparium set with transverse rows of long spine-like papillae => 15
14b larva and puparium not with such rows of spines => 16
15a larva: anterior spiraculum with 5, posterior one with 3-5 papillae: Pseudonapomyza spinosa
15b 7-8 and 7 papillae, respectively: Pseudonapomyza atra
16a larva: posterior spiraculum with 3 papillae: Liriomyza flaveola & trifolii
16b posterior spiraculum with 9 papillae: Liriomyza graminivora
16c the larva of Liriomyza orbona is not known
17a puparium: front or rear spiracula penetrate the epidermis => 18
17b puparium not connected with the outside world => 21
18a larva and puparium with strongly lengthened, fang-shaped, rear spiracula that are anchored in the leaf parenchyma: Chromatomyia milii
18b rear spiracula normal => 19
19a puparium shining black; rear spiracula penetrate: Cerodontha muscina
19b puparium orange brown; front spiracula penetrate => 20
20a puparium monochromous orange brown; front spiraculum indistinctly bifid: Chromatomyia nigra
20b puparium yellow-orange brown with a darker ventral length band; front spiraculum fist-shaped: Chromatomyia fuscula
21a larva: rear spiraculum with 11-16 papillae; puparium in the leaf sheath: Cerodontha denticornis
21b rear spiraculum with 6 papillae at most; puparium in the blade => 22
22a larva: rearwards pointing arms of the cephalic skeleton colourless, transparant; puparia attached to the inside of the mine with strands of silk => 23
22b rearwards pointing arms almost entirely black; puparia loose in the mine => 24
23a larva: the black warts ot the outside of the rear spiracula small, without a “root”: Cerodontha incisa
23b these warts large, with a deep “root”: Cerodontha pygmaea
24a puparium: rear spiracula, seen from above, form a V: Cerodontha lateralis
24b rear spiracula, seen from above, form a U: Cerodontha superciliosa
* See also the key to grass-inhabiting Agromyza larvae.
Not included in the key: Coleophora perplexella.