1a needle swollen, clearly shorter than normal: Brachonyx pineti

1b needle normal in shape and length => 2

1c galls, etc => Tables for all parasites per species

2a small full depth fleck mine (so without frass): Archips oporana

2b mine larger, much frass => 3

3a mine begins in the base of the needle => 4

3b mine begins in the upper half => 5

4a larva with short setae: Cedestis gysseleniella

4b larva with remarkably long setae: Batrachedra pinicolella (occurrence on Pinus uncertain)

5a mine descends from an oval egg in the top of the needle => 6

5b mine ascends from a small hole (closed with silk) a few cm below the tip: Exoteleia dodecella

6a thoracic feet obvious, 3-jointed => 7

6b thoracic feet reduced to a small hump with a minute hook => 8

7a larva reddish-brown; circle of hooks on the abdominal feet seemingly in a double row(?): Clavigesta purdeyi

7b larva green in autumn, turning purple brown in winter; abdominal feet with hooks in a single circle: Cedestis subfasciella

8a pupa: terminal abdominal segments with two swollen spinulose fields that are relatively small, and don’t touch each other dorsally: Ocnerostoma piniariella

8b these fields much larger, dorsally touching each other medially: Ocnerostoma friesei