organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
predator | Anthocoridae | Acompocoris alpinus | |||
predator | Anthocoridae | Acompocoris montanus | |||
leaf | scale | Pseudococcidae | Puto antennatus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Geometridae | Macaria liturata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Sphingidae | Sphinx pinastri | ||
stem | borer | Buprestidae | Anthaxia godeti | ||
leaf | vagrant | Caliscelidae | Wagneripteryx germari | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Dryocoetes hectographus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Hylurgops glabratus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Orthotomicus suturalis | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityogenes chalcographus | ||
stem | borer | rarely | Curculionidae | Ips duplicatus | |
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Orthotomicus laricis | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityogenes conjunctus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Ips amitinus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityogenes bistridentatus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityophthorus henscheli | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityophthorus pityographus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityophthorus knoteki | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Hylastes opacus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityophthorus glabratus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityophthorus lichtensteinii | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityophthorus micrographus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Cryphalus abietis | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Xylechinus pilosus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Hylurgops palliatus | ||
stem | gall | Curculionidae | Tomicus piniperda | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Dryocoetes autographus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Trypodendron lineatum | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Polygraphus grandiclava | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Magdalis memnonia | ||
leaf | vagrant | Diprionidae | Gilpinia socia | ||
stem | borer | Siricidae | Urocerus gigas | ||
leaf | hidden | Pamphilidae | Acantholyda erythrocephala | ||
leaf | vagrant | Diprionidae | Microdiprion pallipes | ||
leaf | vagrant | Diprionidae | Diprion pini | ||
leaf | vagrant | Diprionidae | Gilpinia frutetorum | ||
leaf | vagrant | Diprionidae | Neodiprion sertifer | ||
leaf | vagrant | Diprionidae | Diprion similis | ||
leaf | hidden | Pamphilidae | Acantholyda hieroglyphica | ||
leaf | hidden | Pamphilidae | Acantholyda pumilionis | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Pseudococcyx mughiana | ||
flower | borer | Xyelidae | Xyela alpigena | ||
flower | gall | Curculionidae | Pissodes validirostris | ||
leaf bud | gall | Phytoptidae | Trisetacus cembrae | ||
leaf | miner | Yponomeutidae | Ocnerostoma piniariella | ||
leaf | vagrant | summer generation | Adelgidae | Pineus cembrae | |
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Eulachnus agilis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Eulachnus cembrae | ||
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Eulachnus rileyi | ||
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Schizolachnus pineti | ||
stem | borer | Cecidomyiidae | Cecidomyia pini | ||
stem | gall | aecia | Pucciniales | Cronartium ribicola | |
stem | vagrant | Aphididae | Cinara cembrae |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.
Last modified 9.ii.2022