organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
leaf | leaf spot | Mycosphaerellaceae | Dothistroma septosporum | ||
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Molorchus minor | ||
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Obrium brunneum | ||
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Morimus asper | ||
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Acanthocinus reticulatus | ||
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Pogonocherus fasciculatus | ||
stem | borer | Cerambycidae | Cerambyx scopolii | ||
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Ergates faber | ||
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Prionus coriarius | ||
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Rhagium inquisitor | ||
dead wood | borer | Cerambycidae | Rhagium mordax | ||
leaf | vagrant | adult | Curculionidae | Otiorhynchus armadillo | |
leaf | vagrant | Tetranychidae | Oligonychus ununguis | ||
root | macro fungus | Rhizinaceae | Rhizina undulata | ||
stem | pustule | Gnomoniaceae | Sirococcus conigenus | ||
stem | kanker | Cecidomyiidae | Gremmeniella abietina | ||
systemic | film | Pythiaceae | Globisporangium debaryanum | ||
systemic | film | Pythiaceae | Pythium hydnosporum | ||
stem | kanker | Botryosphaeriaceae | Diplodia pinea | ||
systemic | down | Sclerotiniaceae | Botrytis cinerea | ||
root | film | Ceratobasidiaceae | Rhizoctonia solani | ||
stem | kanker | Phacidiaceae | Allantophomopsiella pseudotsugae | ||
stem | kanker | Lachnaceae | Lachnellula willkommii | ||
leaf | pustule | Dothioraceae | Nothophaeocryptopus gaeumannii | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Hemiphacidiaceae | Rhabdocline pseudotsugae | ||
leaf | leaf spot | Venturiaceae | Rhizosphaera kalkhoffii | ||
root | film | Platygloeales | Helicobasidium purpureum | ||
predator | Pentatomidae | Troilus luridus | |||
flower | vagrant | Acanthosomatidae | Cyphostethus tristriatus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Atractotomus magnicornis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Phoenicocoris dissimilis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Parapsallus vitellinus | ||
leaf | vagrant | Miridae | Pinalitus atomarius | ||
leaf | vagrant | adult | Curculionidae | Polydrusus marginatus | |
leaf | vagrant | adult | Curculionidae | Otiorhynchus coecus | |
leaf | vagrant | adult | Curculionidae | Otiorhynchus tenebricosus | |
leaf | vagrant | Noctuidae | Acronicta rumicis | ||
leaf | vagrant | Lasiocampidae | Dendrolimus pini | ||
leaf | vagrant | rarely | Notodontidae | Thaumetopoea pityocampa | |
leaf | vagrant | Geometridae | Bupalus piniaria | ||
leaf | vagrant | doubtful | Geometridae | Hylaea fasciaria | |
leaf | vagrant | Geometridae | Eupithecia tantillaria | ||
leaf | vagrant | Geometridae | Thera britannica | ||
leaf | vagrant | Geometridae | Deileptenia ribeata | ||
leaf | vagrant | Sphingidae | Sphinx pinastri | ||
flower | borer | Torymidae | Megastigmus spermotrophus | ||
leaf | vagrant | adult | Cercopidae | Haematoloma dorsata | |
stem | borer | doubtful | Curculionidae | Pityophthorus carniolicus | |
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityophthorus pityographus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityogenes chalcographus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Cryphalus abietis | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Orthotomicus erosus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Gnathotrichus materiarius | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Xylosandrus germanus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Ips sexdentatus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Trypodendron lineatum | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityogenes calcaratus | ||
stem | borer | Siricidae | Sirex cyaneus | ||
stem | borer | Siricidae | Sirex juvencus | ||
stem | borer | Siricidae | Xeris spectrum | ||
stem | borer | Tortricidae | Cydia coniferana | ||
flower | vagrant | Coreidae | Leptoglossus occidentalis | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Syndemis musculana | ||
flower | borer | Tortricidae | Cydia strobilella | ||
flower | borer | Tortricidae | Cydia illutana | ||
leaf | vagrant | Eriophyidae | Epitrimerus taxifoliae | ||
leaf | scale | Diaspididae | Dynaspidiotus abietis | ||
leaf | gall | Cecidomyiidae | Contarinia pseudotsugae | ||
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Gilletteella coweni | ||
leaf | gall | summer generation | Aphididae | Gilletteella cooleyi | |
leaf | gall | Aphididae | Mindarus abietinus | ||
leaf | miner | rarely | Coleophoridae | Coleophora laricella | |
stem | vagrant | doubtful | Aphididae | Elatobium abietinum | |
root | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Pachypappa vesicalis | |
root | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Prociphilus pini | |
root | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Prociphilus xylostei | |
leaf | vagrant | rarely | Aphididae | Essigella californica |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot: discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.