organ | parasitic mode | stage | note | taxonomic group | parasite |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
leaf | vagrant | Sphingidae | Sphinx pinastri | ||
flower | borer | Torymidae | Megastigmus spermotrophus | ||
leaf | vagrant | adult | Cercopidae | Haematoloma dorsata | |
stem | borer | doubtful | Curculionidae | Pityophthorus carniolicus | |
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityophthorus pityographus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityogenes chalcographus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Cryphalus abietis | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Orthotomicus erosus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Gnathotrichus materiarius | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Xylosandrus germanus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Ips sexdentatus | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Trypodendron lineatum | ||
stem | borer | Curculionidae | Pityogenes calcaratus | ||
stem | borer | Siricidae | Sirex cyaneus | ||
stem | borer | Siricidae | Sirex juvencus | ||
stem | borer | Siricidae | Xeris spectrum | ||
stem | borer | Tortricidae | Cydia coniferana | ||
flower | vagrant | Coreidae | Leptoglossus occidentalis | ||
leaf | hidden | Tortricidae | Syndemis musculana | ||
flower | borer | Tortricidae | Cydia strobilella | ||
flower | borer | Tortricidae | Cydia illutana | ||
leaf | vagrant | Eriophyidae | Epitrimerus taxifoliae | ||
leaf | scale | Diaspididae | Dynaspidiotus abietis | ||
leaf | gall | Cecidomyiidae | Contarinia pseudotsugae | ||
leaf | vagrant | Aphididae | Gilletteella coweni | ||
leaf | gall | summer generation | Aphididae | Gilletteella cooleyi | |
leaf | gall | Aphididae | Mindarus abietinus | ||
leaf | miner | rarely | Coleophoridae | Coleophora laricella | |
stem | vagrant | doubtful | Aphididae | Elatobium abietinum | |
root | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Pachypappa vesicalis | |
root | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Prociphilus pini | |
root | vagrant | summer generation | Aphididae | Prociphilus xylostei | |
leaf | vagrant | rarely | Aphididae | Essigella californica |
Organ
the part of the plant that most conspicuously is hit by the parasiteall buds: both flower buds and leaf buds
flower: also inflorescence
leaf: also needle, phyllodium, petiole
leaf bud: also unfolding young leaf
fruit: also seed
root: also root stock, runners
root collar: also the lowest part of the stem
stem: also culm, the lower part of the peduncle, in grasses also leaf sheath
systemic: the entire above-ground plant.
PARASITIC MODE
borer: larva living internally, almost no outwards signsdown: 0.5-2 mm high fungal down
film: very thin cover of fungal tussue
gall: swelling and/or malformation
grazer: feeding at the outside of the plant
leaf spot discoloured, often ± necrotic, generally not galled, sign of a fungus infection
miner-borer: larve initially makes a mine, lives as a borer later
pustule: plug of fungal tissue, generally brown-black and < 2 mm
stripe: longitudinal line of fungal tissue in a grass leaf
vagrant: (aphids, mites) living freely on the plant, at higher densitiy causing malformations.
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IMPORTANT
The host plant spectre of a parasite is rarely known exhaustively; this applies in particular at the species level. It is advisable therefore to check at least also the list of all parasites of this genus.
Last modified 17.iv.2021