{"id":716586,"date":"2020-04-12T06:44:14","date_gmt":"2020-04-12T04:44:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/backgrounds\/specials\/gallers-on-scabiosa\/"},"modified":"2023-11-18T13:15:02","modified_gmt":"2023-11-18T12:15:02","slug":"gallers-on-scabiosa","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/nl\/host-plants\/plantae\/spermatopsida\/angiosperma\/eudicots\/superasterids\/asterids\/campanulids\/dipsacales\/caprifoliaceae\/dipsacoideae\/scabiosa\/gallers-on-scabiosa\/","title":{"rendered":"gallers on genus Scabiosa"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dichotomous table for gallers on Scabiosa<\/em><\/h2>\n

by Hans Roskam<\/p>\n

\n

1a<\/strong> On parts above ground => 2<\/p>\n

1b<\/strong> Roots with small cylindrical-spindle-shaped swellings, 3\u20134 mm long, and considerable formation of side roots: Meloidogyne hapla<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

2a<\/strong> Malformations of inflorescences or flowers => 11<\/p>\n

2b<\/strong> Malformations on vegetative parts => 3<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

3a<\/strong> On leaves, shoot tips or stems => 4<\/p>\n

3b<\/strong> Many buds on root collar develop into short, laterally and variously growing, \u00b1 clustered stump-like, succulent shoots: Aphelenchoides fragariae<\/a><\/em> and\/or Rhodococcus fascians<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

4a<\/strong> Malformations on leaves, with or without inclusion of tips or axial parts of shoots => 7<\/p>\n

4b<\/strong> Galls on axial parts of shoots => 5<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

5a<\/strong> Inducers inside galls => 6<\/p>\n

5b<\/strong> Stem locally stunted, with irregular spindle- or bulge-shaped swellings and often strongly distorted or irregularly bent, up to a right-angle; often with several rimmed depressions which contain scale insects below scales. S. ochroleuca: Planchonia arabidis<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

6a<\/strong> Shoot axis, especially at base, with nodular, succulent, dark red-brown swelling. Containing a caterpillar. S. atropurprurea, canescens, columbaria, ochroleuca, triandra: Alucita grammodactyla<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

6b<\/strong> Axial parts of flowering shoots with oblong-oval swelling, up to 4 mm long, often \u00b1 crimson-red. Containing a pale-yellow caterpillar with yellow-brown head. S. atropurprurea, canescens, columbaria, ochroleuca, triandra: Alucita grammodactyla<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

7a<\/strong> Galls with abnormal, \u00b1 white pubescence => 10<\/p>\n

7b<\/strong> Malformations lacking conspicuous pubescence => 8<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

8a<\/strong> Malformations caused by aphids => 9<\/p>\n

8b<\/strong> Leaves terminally on vegetative shoots \u00b1 distinctly clustered. Leaf blades narrowed and \u00b1 with protuberances. Scabiosa spp.: Aceria squalida<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

9a<\/strong> Shoot axis variously stunted. Leaves curved and curled. S. columbaria, ochroleuca, triandra: Aphis thomasi<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

9b<\/strong> Similar malformations. S. atropurpurea, columbaria, ochroleuca, triandra: Aphis confusa<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

10a<\/strong> Leaves sometimes densely clustered on tips of non-flowering sometimes stunted main and side shoots; leaf blades narrowed, rolled upwards, \u00b1 weaved and tuberculate, especially stunted basally and over often larger expansion \u00b1 densely white felt-like pubescent. In strongly infected plants also white erinea also locally on sometimes strongly swollen leaf- or stem parts. Also inflorescences may be severely stunted and white felt-like over large expansion. Scabiosa spp.: Aceria squalida<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

10b<\/strong> Inside leaf rosette two or more leaves remain erect. Their base is stunted, and severely stunted leaf blades are swollen, mussel-like, thickened and at least the basal part on both sides densely covered with long, white hairs, resulting in a compact gall. Sometimes with similar galls on lateral buds or tips of severely stunted shoots. Containing several white, later on \u00b1 reddened larvae. S. columbaria: Jaapiella scabiosae<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

11a<\/strong> Malformations lacking conspicuous additional pubescence => 12<\/p>\n

11b<\/strong> All parts of still young, \u00b1 stalked capitula severely stunted and often densely pubescent. Exceptionally also further developed inflorescences affected, of which almost only the involucral bracts are \u00b1 disfigured and densely haired. Scabiosa spp.: Aceria squalida<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

12a<\/strong> Malformations caused by animals => 14<\/p>\n

12b<\/strong> Malformations caused by fungi => 13<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

13a<\/strong> Anthers, sometimes also filaments, \u00b1 shortened and swollen, soon filled with dirty straw-coloured spore masses. S. columbaria & subsp. balcanica, lucida, ochroleuca, triandra: Microbotryum intermedium<\/a><\/em> <\/p>\n

13b<\/strong> Flowers variously stunted or distorted; sometimes with \u00b1 petal-like transformed anthers. Diseased parts soon covered with a loose, dark down of branched conidiophores. S. columbaria, lucida, ochroleuca: Peronospora violacea<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

14a<\/strong> Malformations of almost entire flower head => 15<\/p>\n

14b<\/strong> On \u00b1 fully developed capitule, single to many involucral bracts are distinctly elongated, thread-like, rolled upwards, not additionally pubescent and often bumpy and curved. Also some greened receptacular bracts and even sexual organs may be similarly galled. Scabiosa spp.: Aceria squalida<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

15a<\/strong> Malformation of complete flower head. Flowers greened, \u00b1 stalked, and developing new shoots (phyllanthy). Scabiosa spp.: Aceria squalida<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

15b<\/strong> Flowers unopened, swollen. Containing several jumping midge larvae. S. columbaria: Contarinia scabiosae<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dichotomous table for gallers on Scabiosa by Hans Roskam 1a On parts above ground => 2 1b Roots with small cylindrical-spindle-shaped swellings, 3\u20134 mm long, and considerable formation of side roots: Meloidogyne hapla 2a Malformations of inflorescences or flowers => 11 2b Malformations on vegetative parts => 3 3a On leaves, shoot tips or stems […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":31175,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-716586","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-host-plant-genus-galler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/716586","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=716586"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/716586\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/31175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=716586"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=716586"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/bladmineerders.nl\/nl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=716586"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}