Sphaeroderma testaceum (Fabricius, 1775)
on Carduus, Cirsium, Silybum
Holterberg forest track; heavily infested creeping thistle.
Cirsium vulgare, Vlaardingen
Cirsium arvense, Amstelveen
Cirsium arvense, Zeewolde
mine
Long corridor, often following the leaf margin, with little frass and with the sides irregularly eaten out. The first part of the corridor is full depth and makes a few close loops; the later part is more upper-surface and rather wide. Primary feeding lines often conspicuous.
host plants
Asteraceae,oligophagous
Carduus acanthoides, crispus, nutans, pycnocephalus; Cirsium acaulon, arvense, eriophorum, oleraceum, palustre, tuberosum, vulgare; Silybum.
phenology
Larvae live from August till June next year (Hering, 1957a).
BENELUX
BE observed (Fauna Europaea, 2007).
NE observed (Beenen & Winkelman, 1993a; Fauna Europaea, 2007).
LUX observed Fauna Europaea, 2007).
distribution within Europe
All Europe (Fauna Europaea, 2007; Warchalowski, 2003a).
larva
references
Ahr (1966a), Baviera & Biondi (2015a), Beenen & Winkelman (1993), Beiger (1958a, 1970a), Buhr (1933a, 1964a), Bukejs (2009a), Cox (2007a), Doguet (1994a), Gavrilović & Ćurčić (2013a), Gök & Çilbiroğlu (2004a), Hering (1925a, 1930a, 1957a), Huber (1969a), Jolivet (1953a), Maček (1999a), Michalska (1970a), Nowakowski (1954a), Ouda, Čížek & Boža (2013a), Petitpierre i Vall (1994a), Pozsgai (2005a), Rheinheimer & Hassler (2018a), Robbins (1991a), Rozner & Rozner (2014a), Skala & Zavřel (1945a), Sønderup (1949a), Starý (1930a), Steinhausen (1994a), Troukens (2012a), Verdyck & De Bruin (1991a), Warchalowski (2003a), Zoerner (1969a, 1970a).