Cassida rubiginosa Müller, 1776
thistle tortoise beetle
on Cirsium, etc.
Haarlemmermeer, 4.vi.2021 © Laurens van der Linde
“copula”
parasite
Larvae and adults free on the leaves. The spinulose larvae are conspicuous by holding a large lump, a mix of frass and exuvia, over the body, kept in place by a pair of hooks at the tip of the abdomen.
host plants
Asteraceae, oligophagous
Arctium lappa, minus; Carduus acanthoides, crispus, nutans; Centaurea debeauxii, iberica, jacea; Cirsium arvense, oleraceum, richterianum, vulgare; Cynara; Onopordum acanthium; Saussurea; Serratula tinctoria; Silybum.
phenology
Hibernation as imago.
distribution within Europe
larva
See Świętojańska ao.
pupa
See Steinhausen (2002a).
parasitoids, predators
Aprostocetus bruzzonis; Tetrastichus clito.
references
Asadi, Ghorbani, Karimi, ao (2013a), Bahillo de la Puebla & Román (2009a), Borowiec (1984a), Bukejs, Telnov & Barševskis (2009a), Cripps (0000a), Fuss, Geiser & Patzner (2005a), Gavrilović & Ćurčić (2013a), Gavrilović, Gavrilović, Ćurčić, ao (2014a), Jolivet (1953a), Majka & LeSage (2008a), Murria Beltrán (2006b), Petitpierre (2009a), Recalde Irurzon & Ugarte San Vicente (2005a), Rheinheimer & Hassler (2018a), Świętojańska, Moradian, Borowiec & Ostovan (2013a), Rozner & Rozner (2014a), Steinhausen (2002a), Troukens (2012a).