Ceratapion onopordi (Kirby, 1808)
on Asteraceae, Cardueae
gall
the larva bores, and eventually pupates, in the base of the stem or in the root crown, often causing an unilocular rotund swelling.
host plants
Asteraceae, narrowly oligophagous
Arctium lappa, tomentosum; Carduus acanthoides, argentatus, carpetanus, crispus, nutans; Centaurea benedicta, calcitrapa, jacea, nigrescens, scabiosa, solstitialis; Cirsium arvense, heterophyllum, oleraceum vulgare; Cynara; ? Echinops sphaerocephalus; Galactites tomentosus; ? Inula helenium; Onopordum acanthium; Psephellus sumensis; Rhaponticoides ruthenica; Silybum marianum; ? Tanacetum vulgare.
synonyms
Apion onopordi.
notes
On Cirsium arvense this species has a symbiotic relation with the rust Puccinia punctiformis (Friedli & Bacher).
references
Bacher, Friedli & Schär (2002a), Balciunas & Korotyaev (2007a), Behne (1987a), Buhr (1964a), Clement (1990a), Cripps, Edwards, Waipara ao (2009a), Delbol (2013a), Dieckmann (1977a), Ehret (1990a), Friedli & Bacher (2001a), Friedman & Freidberg (2007a), Gültekin (2004a), Hayat, Güçlü, Özbek & Schön (2002a), Mifsud & Colonnelli (2010a), Pedroni, dal Cortivo & Gatti (2017a), Podlussány (1986a), Rheinheimer & Hassler (2010a), Tomasi (2014a), Velázquez de Castro, Alonso Zarazaga & Outerelo (1990a), Wandeler & Bacher (2006a), Yunakov, Nazarenko, Filimonov & Volovnik (2018a).