Hadroplontus trimaculatus (Fabricius, 1775)
on thistles
parasite
The biology of the larvae is far from clear. Dieckmann supposed that the larvae would live in the root collar. But Boldt & Campobasso found groups of larvae in vegetative buds (“crowns and buds”), while Sheppard write about “damage to roots and meristems”. Pupation almost certainly in the soil.
host plants
Asteraceae-Cardueae, oligophagous
Carduus acanthoides, bourgeanus, crispus, myriacanthus, nutans, pycnocephalus, tenuiflorus; Cirsium vulgare; Echinops sphaerocephalus; Galactites; Onopordum; Silybum marianum.
distribution within Europe
synonyms
Ceutorhynchidius, Ceutorhynchus, trimaculatus.
references
Alonso Zarazaga (1983a), Behne (1981a), Boldt & Campobasso (1981a), Compte (1981a), Delbol (2008a, 2013a), Dieckman (1972a), Forbicioni, Abbazzi, Bellò ao (2019a), Gültekin (2004a, 2014a), Rheinheimer & Hassler (2014a), Sheppard, Aeschlimann, Sagliocco & Vitou (1995a), Yunakov, Nazarenko, Filimonov & Volovnik (2018a).