Linaria vulgaris, Dronten © Arnold Grosscurt

gall

larvae in the galled and swollen fruits, pupation in the gall. The larvae have a dark-coloured head capsule, which distinguishes them from those of Rh. neta, that have a similar biology (Rheinheimer & Hassler)..

host plants

Plantaginaceae, oligophagpus

Antirrhinum majus; Linaria genistifolia & subsp. dalmatica, repens, saxatilis, vulgaris; Microrrhinum litorale, minus; Misopates orontium.

synonyms

Gymnetron antirrhini; Mecinus noctis (Herbst, 1795).

notes

In North America the species is employed in the biological control of Linaria vulgaris.

references

Baviera & Caldara (2020a), Bellmann (2012a), Buhr (1964a), Burton, Ellis & Schneider (2022a), Caldara (2008a), Compte (1981a), Delbol (2013a), Heijerman & van der Leij (1997a), Houard (1909a), Koops (2013a), Lambinon, Carbonnelle & Claerebout (2015a), Mifsud & Colonnelli (2010a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Rheinheimer & Hassler (2010a), Roskam (2009a), Sanz Benito, García-Ocejo Izquierdo & de los Mozos Pascua (1996a), Tavares (1905a), Tomasi (2012a, 2014a), Wilson, Sing, Piper ao (2005a), Yunakov, Nazarenko, Filimonov & Volovnik (2018a).