Cleonis pigra (Scopoli, 1763)

on Asteraceae, Cardueae

gall

stem base or root collar with an unilocular swelling of up to 5 x 1 cm; the larva is solitary and pupates in the gall.

hostplants

Asteraceae, narrowly oligophagous

Arctium minus; Carduus acanthoides, nutans; Centaurea arenaria, diffusa, solstitialis, stoebe; Cirsium arvense, oleraceum, vulgare; Cynara; Echinops orientalis; Onopordum acanthium; Silybum marianum.

synonyms

Cleonus piger.

references

Balalaikins & Bukejs (2011a), Buhr (1964a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Dieckmann (1983a), Gültekin (2004a, 2008a), Houard (1909a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Rheinheimer & Hassler (2010a), Roskam (2009a), Tomasi (2014a).