Larinus planus (Fabricius 1792).

canada thistle bud weevil

on thistles

gall

one or more weevil larvae live in the receptacle, feeding on callus tissue that is induced by their activities; according to Redfern & Shirley the receptacle also sclerifies. Pupation in the receptacle.

The infection can be distinguished externally from the galls of Urophora solstitialis or terebrans because the eggs are deposited externally, at the base of the involucral bracts, and covered with brown drop of drying secretion.

host plants

Asteraceae, narrowly oligophagous.

Carduus acanthoides, crispus, pycnocephalus, tenuiflorus; Carlina vulgaris; Centaurea jacea, scabiosa, solstitialis; Cirsium arvense, dissectum, oleraceum, palustre, rivulare, vulgare; Serratula.

synonyms

Larinus carlinae (Olivier, 1807)..

notes

See also Rhinocyllus conicus.

references

Balalaikins & Bukejs (2011a), Buhr (1964a), Dauphin & Aniotsbehere (1997a), Delbol (2012b), Dieckmann (1983a), Douglas, Bouchard, Anderson ao (2013a), Gültekin (2004a), Heijerman (2007b), Hoebeke & Spichiger (2016a), Houard (1909a), Morris (1982a), Redfern & Shirley (2011a), Rheinheimer & Hassler (2010a), Roskam (2009a, 2019a), Tomasi (2014a).