Pinus sylvestris, Hoge Veluwe © Arnold Grosscurt: results of maturation feeding by a young adult beetle.

parasite

Larvae and beetles in the bark of not too thin shoots of weakened trees.

host plants

Pinaceae, monophagous

Pinus banksiana, brutia, canariensis, cembra, mugo, nigra & subsp. pallasiana + salzmannii, peuce, pinaster, pinea, radiata, resinosa, strobus, sylvestris, uncinata.

phenology

Univoltine; hibernation as imago.

distribution within Europe

(PESI, 2020).

synonyms

Blastophagus, Myelophilus, piniperda.

parasitoids, predators

Rhaphitelus ladenbergii.

references

Askew & Mifsud (2018a), Battisti & Gallo (1987a), Ciesla, Erkanat & Akeson (2011a), Douglas, Bouchard, Anderson ao (2013a), Doychev & Ovcharov (2006a), Duffy (1953a), Faccoli (2006a), Lee, Haack, Negrón, ao (2007a), López Romero, Romón Ochoa, Iturrondobeitia Bilbao & Goldaracena Lafuente (2007a), Munroe (1926a), Nikulina, Mandelshtam, Petrov, ao (2015a), Ruiz-Portero, Barranco & Cabello (2004a), Schedl (1980a), Selmi (1987a).