Tomicus piniperda (Linnaeus, 1758)
pine shoot beetle
on Pinus

Pinus sylvestris, Hoge Veluwe © Arnold Grosscurt: results of maturation feeding by a young adult beetle.
parasite
Larvae and beetles in the bark of not too thin shoots of weakened trees.
host plants
Pinaceae, monophagous
Pinus banksiana, brutia, canariensis, cembra, mugo, nigra & subsp. pallasiana + salzmannii, peuce, pinaster, pinea, radiata, resinosa, strobus, sylvestris, uncinata.
phenology
Univoltine; hibernation as imago.
distribution within Europe
synonyms
Blastophagus, Myelophilus, piniperda.
parasitoids, predators
references
Askew & Mifsud (2018a), Battisti & Gallo (1987a), Ciesla, Erkanat & Akeson (2011a), Douglas, Bouchard, Anderson ao (2013a), Doychev & Ovcharov (2006a), Duffy (1953a), Faccoli (2006a), Lee, Haack, Negrón, ao (2007a), López Romero, Romón Ochoa, Iturrondobeitia Bilbao & Goldaracena Lafuente (2007a), Munroe (1926a), Nikulina, Mandelshtam, Petrov, ao (2015a), Ruiz-Portero, Barranco & Cabello (2004a), Schedl (1980a), Selmi (1987a).